good news! Johnson & Johnson's new AIDS vaccine enters human trial
Release date: 2015-07-22
Last week, scientists from Harvard University, Johnson & Johnson and other research teams published the results of a new HIV vaccine on rhesus monkeys in the world's top journal Science. The data show that the new HIV vaccine successfully provided complete protection for half of the vaccinated rhesus monkeys against six consecutive repeated attacks by the monkey immunodeficiency virus (SIV). SIV is an HIV-like virus that infects non-human primates (NHPs). This HIV challenge experiment in rhesus monkeys has a higher infection rate per test than in humans. The purpose is to test the limits of the new HIV vaccine. Six consecutive exposures to the SIV virus were sufficient to infect 100% of the animals that were not vaccinated. However, half of the rhesus monkeys injected with the new HIV vaccine were successfully protected. Although this new HIV vaccine is still in its early stages, the gratifying data from the rhesus monkey trial has seen the dawn of success in the field of AIDS vaccine research and development that has been frustrated in recent years.
Based on this inspiring result, Johnson & Johnson recently announced the launch of an I/IIa phase clinical trial, which plans to recruit approximately 400 healthy volunteers from the United States, Rwanda, South Africa, Uganda and Thailand to test the new HIV in humans. vaccine. The launch of the volunteer recruitment work also marks the official entry of the new HIV vaccine into human clinical trials. If the early stage trials go well, Johnson & Johnson is expected to conduct a Phase IIb study in the next 18-24 months.
Usually, the vaccine needs to be injected multiple times for immunization, the first immunization is used to trigger the immune system, and the subsequent immunization is used to enhance the immune response. This strategy is called the prime-boost immunization strategy, which can make the vaccine It stimulates the body to produce stronger and longer-lasting humoral and cellular immune responses, and has made great progress in the process of antiviral, bacterial and parasitic infections and has been widely used.
In general, the first vaccine and the booster immunization strategy use the same vaccine, homologous prime-boost. In Johnson & Johnson's new HIV vaccine, scientists investigated the immunization. The strategy of changing the vaccine antigen formulation can enhance the immune response, the so-called heterologous prime-boost strategy, which has been used by Johnson & Johnson in the Phase I clinical trial of the company's Ebola vaccine. In this animal experiment, scientists first used an Ad26 adenovirus (Ad26) vector that expresses SIVsmE543 Env, Gag and Pol for primary immunization, and then boosted with a purified envelope protein SIVmac32H Env gp140. Twelve monkeys received primary immunization, 12 monkeys received a priming-enhancement strategy, and eight monkeys received a placebo; afterwards, all monkeys were given repeated challenge of monkey immunodeficiency virus (SIV) for six consecutive times. At the end of the experiment, 2 monkeys in the primary immunization group were not infected with SIV, and 6 monkeys in the priming-boost group were not infected with SIV, while the placebo group was all infected with SIV. In addition, blood was taken from monkeys that were negative for SIV and injected into other monkeys. No virus transmission was observed.
At present, despite significant progress in clinical treatment of AIDS, the disease remains the most serious health threat in the world, with millions of people continuing to contract HIV every year. The new HIV vaccine developed by Johnson & Johnson will have a significant impact on public health even if it only protects half of the vaccine population.
Source: Bio Valley
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