Green prevention and control technology for main pests and diseases of celery in Luancheng County
At present, according to the survey, the main diseases of celery in Rucheng County include soft rot, heart rot, early blight, blight, sclerotinia, etc., affecting the growth of celery and causing a large loss to celery. In order to effectively prevent the damage of celery disease, some experts have introduced the green control technology of celery main pests and diseases as follows, for the reference of vegetable farmers.
1 main diseases
1.1 celery soft rot
Soft rot occurs mostly in the early growth stage of celery transplanting or slow seedling. Generally, the disease begins from the base of the tender and juicy petiole. At the beginning of the disease, there is a water-soaked hazel-shaped spindle or irregular depression. After rapid expansion, the internal tissue is wet and rot, which turns black and stinky, leaving only the epidermis. . It is easy to develop in the case of ridge clogging and wet ground in the middle and late growth stages. The pathogens mainly overwinter in the soil and invade from the wound by insects, rain or irrigation water, and can spread through rain or irrigation water after the onset.
1.2 celery heart rot
Heart rot is mainly the growth point of new leaves of celery, which is a physiological disease. After the onset, the outer leaves of celery are dark green, and the heart leaves are dry yellow and rot. The soil lacks calcium and boron, or continuous cloudy days. After rain and fine weather, the celery roots are difficult to absorb calcium and boron.
1.3 celery early blight
Early blight mainly affects leaves and petioles. The disease of the leaves began to appear yellow-green water-immersed small spots, gradually expanding into round or irregular shaped lesions, with a yellowish-brown edge, generally not obvious, and a central taupe. In the later stage, the lesions were contiguous and the leaves were burnt and died. When the humidity is high, the minister has a gray mold layer. Petiole lesions are water-immersed, round or striate, taupe depression, often causing the petiole to fold down, often with gray-white mildew in the diseased part. High temperature and high humidity are conducive to the prevalence of the disease. In the cultivation, the lack of water and lack of water, the plant grows weak, the greenhouse does not release the wind in time, and the sultry heat and high humidity environment can easily lead to the occurrence of early blight.
1.4 celery blight
The common spot disease usually starts from the old leaves of the lower part of celery. At the beginning, there are small spots of light brown oil-immersed spots, which gradually expand. The middle part is brown and necrotic, the outer edge is reddish brown or yellowish brown, and many black small grain spots are scattered. A yellow halo appears around it. The petiole and stem are infected, and the initial is a small spot with water-immersed shape, which then expands into a brown spot with an oblong slightly concave edge, and a distinct black grain point. When the disease is heavy, the leaves are dry and the stems are rotted.
1.5 celery sclerotinia
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum can damage celery leaves, petioles and stems. In general, the leaves first develop, and are dark stains. When wet, the surface of the lesions is dense with white mold. Then spread down to cause the disease of the petiole and stem. The affected part was brown and water-immersed, and the surface grew white hyphae. Finally, the stem tissue rotted, and the fibrous stem was hollow, forming a black sclerotium of rat feces.
2 Green prevention and control technology
2.1 Fitness Cultivation
2.1.1 Rotation
The implementation of 2 to 3 years of rotation can reduce the accumulation of pathogens and reduce the occurrence of diseases.
2.1.2 Seed treatment
Soaking the seeds in warm water at 48 °C for 30 minutes can effectively kill the bacteria attached to the seeds. When soaking seeds, it should be constantly stirred to make the seeds evenly heated. After soaking seeds, wash with water, dry and sown. If the sclerotia is found in the seed, it can be rinsed with 10% saline and rinsed with water to reduce seed entrainment. It is worth noting that the soaking of warm soup has a slight effect on the germination of celery seeds. When planting, the seed amount should be increased by 10% to 20%.
2.1.3 film cultivation
Membrane cultivation can prevent the spread of Sclerotinia sclerotiorium, and at the same time reduce plant damage and reduce the infection of soft rot.
2.1.4 Rational fertilization
Apply enough base fertilizer to increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and boron fertilizer. Develop robust plants and improve the disease resistance of celery.
2.2 Chemical control
If the central diseased plant is found, it should be removed immediately, and comprehensive drug protection should be applied to control the disease and prevent spread. Generally, the drug is sprayed once every 7 to 10 days, and the drug is administered continuously for 2 to 3 times. It can choose 75% chlorothalonil WP 600 times solution, 64% antivirus WP WP 500 times solution, 47% 瑞瑞农 WP 500 times solution, etc. Sputum sclerosis is controlled by spraying with 50% kekeling WP 1500 times and 50% sclerotium WP 1000 times. In the early stage of soft rot and heart rot, spray with 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate powder 4 000 times solution or 20% guanidine copper water solution 400 times solution. Spraying 77% can kill 500 times liquid, 3% agricultural anti-120 water agent 100 times liquid and other sprays to prevent early blight.
The greenhouse can be used to control diseases by using smoke agents, which not only does not increase the humidity, but also has excellent control effects. For each 667m2, use 45% chlorothalonil smog 250g to control spot blight; every 667 m2 with 10% keeling agent 250 g to prevent sclerotinia. Application method: In the evening, the smoke agent is placed in the indoor aisle, and is ignited one by one from the inside out, and immediately sealed overnight after smoking. It is usually applied once every 7 to 10 days, and it is applied continuously for 2 to 3 times.
The above is the whole content of the green pest control technology of celery main pests and diseases. Welcome to the farmers' friends to come to Huinong.com to learn more!
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