Main biogas digesters in rural areas
2020-01-15 06:05:27
1. What are the components of the rural household biogas digester?
The rural household biogas digesters are generally composed of feed inlets, feed pipes, fermentation rooms (including fermentation and gas storage), movable covers, air pipes, discharge pipes, and discharge rooms (water pressure rooms). .
2. What are the advantages of cylindrical pool?
(1)Structural mechanical performance is good. Under all axial loads acting on the inside and outside of the pool, most parts of the cell body are under pressure. Although there is a small part of the tension zone in the lower part of the pool wall, the pulling force is not large. Easy to use brick, stone, concrete, etc., its compressive strength is much greater than the tensile strength of brittle masonry materials, so that the thickness of the structure can be greatly reduced, the construction of methane tanks to reduce the corresponding price.
(2) With the same volume of biogas digesters, the surface area of ​​the circular pool is smaller than that of the spherical pool under the same stress conditions.
(3) There is less "dead angle" in the circular pool, which is beneficial to the activities of methanogens and it is easy to solve the problem of confinement.
3. What is the general design size of a cylindrical 8-m3 digester?
The land area is about 4.93.2 meters, the buried depth is 2.25 meters, the inside diameter is generally 2.7 meters, and the pool wall is 1 meter. The radius of curvature of the ball pool cover is 1.96 meters, the height of the vector is 0.54 meters, and the radius of curvature of the ball pool is 2.86 meters. 0.34 meters, water pressure between the diameter of 1.1 meters, depth of 0.8 meters.
4, how to put the line and pool pit excavation?
When digging soil in the pit of a biogas tank, the line should be positioned first according to the depth and the soil conditions of the size of the design diagram. The size of the diameter of the cylindrical pool is: pool diameter + 2 times the size of the pool wall and 2 times the size of the slope.
After the gray line was set, four positioning stakes were laid off at about 1 meter off-line at the four corners of the line to serve as control piles for the construction of the digester. Pull the connection between diagonal stakes, the intersection of which is the center of the digester. Biogas digesters can be checked and corrected according to the center line during construction.
5. What are the constituent materials and requirements for concrete?
Concrete consists of cementitious materials (cement), fine aggregates (sands), coarse aggregates (pebbles, gravel), and water that have been hardened after being formulated in an appropriate proportion.
Cement should be selected to be more than 325#; natural sand with a sand particle size of 0.15-0.5 mm, free from impurities and harmful substances; particle size of pebbles or crushed stone is 5-20 mm without impurities; water is generally used for drinking water.
6. How to deal with groundwater in Jianchi?
When the pool was built, it was found that groundwater leaked out, and the method of “rowing and dropping†was generally adopted. After the pool is basically completed, if there is leakage, the "row, lead, and block" method can be used. General drainage methods: 1 Blind ditch and catchment drainage; 2 deep well drainage; 3 caisson drainage.
7. What are the techniques for constructing a cylindrical overall pool?
The new overall pool is the overall cast-in-place concrete pool, and its construction points are as follows:
(1) After the pit of the die pool is dug, the geometric dimensions shall be checked and corrected according to the requirements of the design drawings, and the geometric shape shall be accurate. The pool bottom and pool wall of a cylindrical methane tank generally use the inner wall of the pool pit as an outer mold, and require that the surface of the soil tire mold is flat.
In the cast-in-situ concrete tank, the inner mold of the pool wall and the pool cover is generally a wood mold, and a steel mold or a brick mold is also available.
(2) The base of the wall and the bottom of the tank are the parts that bear the weight of the tank, the tank cover and the upper covering layer, and it is also the ring beam of the counter-cut ball bottom. The method of construction of the foundation should be decided according to the degree of solidity of the soil. The section of the wall base is generally 16 cm wide and 10 cm thick. It was poured with No. 150 concrete. Loose soil should also be covered with a layer of stone or pebbles.
The bottom of the tank is made of anti-cutting balls with a ratio of 1/8. After the bottom of the soil is well tamped, the concrete is poured (No. 150), and the soft soil is laid with a 10-20 cm thick gravel as the base layer. In order to take into account the integrity of the pool bottom and the pool wall and to facilitate the construction operation, the pouring of the pool bottom is generally performed in two steps. In the first step, when the wall of the pool wall is poured, the bottom of the wall will be poured in a circle, and then the pool wall will be poured on it. In the second step, after the pool walls and vaults are basically poured, all the rest of the pool is poured. If there is groundwater, a water collection bottle should be installed. And immediately wipe the bottom of the pool with cement mortar. During the pool maintenance period, do not lower the pool to prevent damage to the bottom of the pool.
(3) The wall of the pool wall adopts No. 150 concrete and is 5 cm thick. After the wall base and the outer ring of the pool are poured, a wooden mold is erected. Layered continuous cast concrete, concrete tools available shovel, mud knife or hardwood stick. When the pool wall concrete is poured into the position of the inlet and outlet pipes, the inlet and outlet pipes should be installed according to the design requirements. The junction should be reinforced with concrete. After casting to design height, ring beam construction is performed.
(4) The thickness of the pool cover pool cover is 5 centimeters, and it is poured with No. 150 concrete. Generally use wood or steel mold construction. To be cast on the side, wipe the pool cover with cement mortar, and then backfill with moist soil. During the construction, no concentrated impact load shall be applied on the pool cover.
(5) In and out of the feed pipe and the pressure between the water inlet and outlet pipe generally use a cement pipe with an inner diameter of about 25 cm. Before installation, brush the cement paste on the inner and outer surfaces twice to block the leaking capillary pores. Apply No. 200 fine stone concrete reinforcement at the junction with the pool wall and water pressure. The inlet and outlet pipes are at a 30o angle to the pool wall.
The construction method of water pressure is the same as that of the main tank, and the construction can be performed at equal heights. It is poured with No. 150 concrete and has a thickness of 5 cm. In order to ensure the working pressure and the amount of feed, the bottom of the water pressure tank should be level with the zero pressure level of the main tank.
(6) The movable cover and air guide tube movable cover adopt plate type or plug type, with 150 fine stone concrete pouring. The application of stereotyped wood mold or iron mold, especially plug-type movable cover, should be completed round, and the gap between the cover and the movable cover should be small. The movable cover is sealed with clay and moistened with water on the retaining ring.
The air tube can be installed on the movable cover, but it can also be installed at the highest position of the tank cover. In order to ensure the normal delivery of biogas, a tube with an inside diameter of 8-10 mm must be used. Inside the pool, 2 cm must be exposed to reduce condensation water into the gas pipeline.
(7) The seal layer uses five layers. They are:
1 grass-roots brush: brush pure slurry 1-2 times.
2 Underlying plaster: 1:3 cement mortar, thickness 5 mm.
3 brushing: brush pure cement slurry 1 times.
4 surface plaster: 1:2.5 cement mortar, thickness 5 mm.
5 Surface treatment: biogas sealant or pure cement slurry.
8, how to build new biogas conservation?
The new rural biogas digesters should be maintained when they are built, and they should be naturally maintained under the condition of an average temperature of 8°C or more. The temperature at noon should be above 15°C, and the exposed areas should be covered with straw curtains for water conservation. The conservation time is 7-10 days. . In spring and winter, it is necessary to pay attention to antifreeze in the morning and in the evening At the same time, the discharge port, feed port, and top cover of the pool should be covered with a thin film after the biogas tank is sealed. After the curing period has passed the inspection and pressure test, it can be put into use. If a heavy rain occurs after 24 hours after the construction of the pool is completed, water should be added to the pool in time, and the amount of water added to the half tank can be used to prevent the rise of the groundwater level from affecting the quality of the pool.
The rural household biogas digesters are generally composed of feed inlets, feed pipes, fermentation rooms (including fermentation and gas storage), movable covers, air pipes, discharge pipes, and discharge rooms (water pressure rooms). .
2. What are the advantages of cylindrical pool?
(1)Structural mechanical performance is good. Under all axial loads acting on the inside and outside of the pool, most parts of the cell body are under pressure. Although there is a small part of the tension zone in the lower part of the pool wall, the pulling force is not large. Easy to use brick, stone, concrete, etc., its compressive strength is much greater than the tensile strength of brittle masonry materials, so that the thickness of the structure can be greatly reduced, the construction of methane tanks to reduce the corresponding price.
(2) With the same volume of biogas digesters, the surface area of ​​the circular pool is smaller than that of the spherical pool under the same stress conditions.
(3) There is less "dead angle" in the circular pool, which is beneficial to the activities of methanogens and it is easy to solve the problem of confinement.
3. What is the general design size of a cylindrical 8-m3 digester?
The land area is about 4.93.2 meters, the buried depth is 2.25 meters, the inside diameter is generally 2.7 meters, and the pool wall is 1 meter. The radius of curvature of the ball pool cover is 1.96 meters, the height of the vector is 0.54 meters, and the radius of curvature of the ball pool is 2.86 meters. 0.34 meters, water pressure between the diameter of 1.1 meters, depth of 0.8 meters.
4, how to put the line and pool pit excavation?
When digging soil in the pit of a biogas tank, the line should be positioned first according to the depth and the soil conditions of the size of the design diagram. The size of the diameter of the cylindrical pool is: pool diameter + 2 times the size of the pool wall and 2 times the size of the slope.
After the gray line was set, four positioning stakes were laid off at about 1 meter off-line at the four corners of the line to serve as control piles for the construction of the digester. Pull the connection between diagonal stakes, the intersection of which is the center of the digester. Biogas digesters can be checked and corrected according to the center line during construction.
5. What are the constituent materials and requirements for concrete?
Concrete consists of cementitious materials (cement), fine aggregates (sands), coarse aggregates (pebbles, gravel), and water that have been hardened after being formulated in an appropriate proportion.
Cement should be selected to be more than 325#; natural sand with a sand particle size of 0.15-0.5 mm, free from impurities and harmful substances; particle size of pebbles or crushed stone is 5-20 mm without impurities; water is generally used for drinking water.
6. How to deal with groundwater in Jianchi?
When the pool was built, it was found that groundwater leaked out, and the method of “rowing and dropping†was generally adopted. After the pool is basically completed, if there is leakage, the "row, lead, and block" method can be used. General drainage methods: 1 Blind ditch and catchment drainage; 2 deep well drainage; 3 caisson drainage.
7. What are the techniques for constructing a cylindrical overall pool?
The new overall pool is the overall cast-in-place concrete pool, and its construction points are as follows:
(1) After the pit of the die pool is dug, the geometric dimensions shall be checked and corrected according to the requirements of the design drawings, and the geometric shape shall be accurate. The pool bottom and pool wall of a cylindrical methane tank generally use the inner wall of the pool pit as an outer mold, and require that the surface of the soil tire mold is flat.
In the cast-in-situ concrete tank, the inner mold of the pool wall and the pool cover is generally a wood mold, and a steel mold or a brick mold is also available.
(2) The base of the wall and the bottom of the tank are the parts that bear the weight of the tank, the tank cover and the upper covering layer, and it is also the ring beam of the counter-cut ball bottom. The method of construction of the foundation should be decided according to the degree of solidity of the soil. The section of the wall base is generally 16 cm wide and 10 cm thick. It was poured with No. 150 concrete. Loose soil should also be covered with a layer of stone or pebbles.
The bottom of the tank is made of anti-cutting balls with a ratio of 1/8. After the bottom of the soil is well tamped, the concrete is poured (No. 150), and the soft soil is laid with a 10-20 cm thick gravel as the base layer. In order to take into account the integrity of the pool bottom and the pool wall and to facilitate the construction operation, the pouring of the pool bottom is generally performed in two steps. In the first step, when the wall of the pool wall is poured, the bottom of the wall will be poured in a circle, and then the pool wall will be poured on it. In the second step, after the pool walls and vaults are basically poured, all the rest of the pool is poured. If there is groundwater, a water collection bottle should be installed. And immediately wipe the bottom of the pool with cement mortar. During the pool maintenance period, do not lower the pool to prevent damage to the bottom of the pool.
(3) The wall of the pool wall adopts No. 150 concrete and is 5 cm thick. After the wall base and the outer ring of the pool are poured, a wooden mold is erected. Layered continuous cast concrete, concrete tools available shovel, mud knife or hardwood stick. When the pool wall concrete is poured into the position of the inlet and outlet pipes, the inlet and outlet pipes should be installed according to the design requirements. The junction should be reinforced with concrete. After casting to design height, ring beam construction is performed.
(4) The thickness of the pool cover pool cover is 5 centimeters, and it is poured with No. 150 concrete. Generally use wood or steel mold construction. To be cast on the side, wipe the pool cover with cement mortar, and then backfill with moist soil. During the construction, no concentrated impact load shall be applied on the pool cover.
(5) In and out of the feed pipe and the pressure between the water inlet and outlet pipe generally use a cement pipe with an inner diameter of about 25 cm. Before installation, brush the cement paste on the inner and outer surfaces twice to block the leaking capillary pores. Apply No. 200 fine stone concrete reinforcement at the junction with the pool wall and water pressure. The inlet and outlet pipes are at a 30o angle to the pool wall.
The construction method of water pressure is the same as that of the main tank, and the construction can be performed at equal heights. It is poured with No. 150 concrete and has a thickness of 5 cm. In order to ensure the working pressure and the amount of feed, the bottom of the water pressure tank should be level with the zero pressure level of the main tank.
(6) The movable cover and air guide tube movable cover adopt plate type or plug type, with 150 fine stone concrete pouring. The application of stereotyped wood mold or iron mold, especially plug-type movable cover, should be completed round, and the gap between the cover and the movable cover should be small. The movable cover is sealed with clay and moistened with water on the retaining ring.
The air tube can be installed on the movable cover, but it can also be installed at the highest position of the tank cover. In order to ensure the normal delivery of biogas, a tube with an inside diameter of 8-10 mm must be used. Inside the pool, 2 cm must be exposed to reduce condensation water into the gas pipeline.
(7) The seal layer uses five layers. They are:
1 grass-roots brush: brush pure slurry 1-2 times.
2 Underlying plaster: 1:3 cement mortar, thickness 5 mm.
3 brushing: brush pure cement slurry 1 times.
4 surface plaster: 1:2.5 cement mortar, thickness 5 mm.
5 Surface treatment: biogas sealant or pure cement slurry.
8, how to build new biogas conservation?
The new rural biogas digesters should be maintained when they are built, and they should be naturally maintained under the condition of an average temperature of 8°C or more. The temperature at noon should be above 15°C, and the exposed areas should be covered with straw curtains for water conservation. The conservation time is 7-10 days. . In spring and winter, it is necessary to pay attention to antifreeze in the morning and in the evening At the same time, the discharge port, feed port, and top cover of the pool should be covered with a thin film after the biogas tank is sealed. After the curing period has passed the inspection and pressure test, it can be put into use. If a heavy rain occurs after 24 hours after the construction of the pool is completed, water should be added to the pool in time, and the amount of water added to the half tank can be used to prevent the rise of the groundwater level from affecting the quality of the pool.
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