Pinus sylvestris seedling raising technology
First, scientific selection of nursery. According to the growth habits of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica seedlings, the sandy loam with medium or slightly acidic soil, fertile soil, loose texture, good drainage, and low groundwater level should be selected for the nursery. Poor terrain, poor drainage, and soil-heavy land should not be used.
Second, apply the base fertilizer to improve the soil. In the arid area of ​​western Liaoning, the soil with low organic matter content should be given enough organic fertilizer to ensure the supply of nutrients, improve soil structure, enhance water retention and ventilation performance. Each acre should be applied with more than 10,000 kg of farmyard fertilizer. For the first time, the farmyard fertilizer is evenly spread into the nursery and then into the soil tillage layer; the ridge crop evenly spreads the manure into the ditch, and then ridges together.
Third, the seed germination treatment. In western Liaoning, mixed germinating burying is used for seed germination treatment. In the 15-20 days before sowing, the land with high dry terrain, well-drained and leeward areas should be selected, and the width and depth should be 50-60 cm. The length depends on the number of seeds. The sand pits were covered with mats on the bottom of the pits, and then the sterilized seeds were mixed with 2-3 times wet sand into the pits, covered with straw curtains, uncovered at night, and flipped the mixed sand seeds up and down during the day. Amount of watering. After 15-20 days, most of the seeds break their mouths and the seeds can be sieved out for sowing. If it is not possible to sow in time, stop turning and add a cover or move it to the cool shade of the back to reduce the temperature and suppress germination.
Fourth, sowing technology. Liaoxi region should be sowed in the spring and strive to broadcast in the early stage. It can promote seed germination, guarantee seedlings, strengthen seedlings, and enhance disease resistance of seedlings. When the average ground temperature reaches 7-9°C, it can be planted, usually around mid-April. Before the planting, the bottom water should be thoroughly percolated. When the bed surface is slightly dry and loose, pockmarks with a depth of 0.5-1 cm should be picked up and then sown with a sowing machine or hand sowing. Width 3-5 cm, spacing 8-10 cm. After the sowing, the cracks were promptly suppressed. The thickness of the earth covering was 0.5-1 cm. It was difficult for the overgrown seedlings to be unearthed. Pinus sylvestris sowing rate of 4-5 kg ​​per acre.
After the sowing, wind barriers were installed around the nursery and in the middle, and were withdrawn twice in late May and early June. In order to maintain the soil moisture and increase the ground temperature, the bed surface must be covered with a layer of cereal grass, and the thickness should not be seen on the surface of the bed. After the seedlings are unearthed, they will be withdrawn in time.
Fifth, seedling management. In the early stage of seedling growth, the principle of less quantity should be mastered when irrigation. Fast-growing period 7-8 months should be irrigated once every 3-5 days permeate, after mid-August, in order to promote the seedling woody, so that it successfully overwintering, generally do not irrigation. Topdressing should be carried out during the vigorous growth of seedlings. In the middle of July, the dense and weak seedlings will be lost. Loose soil is conducted in July-August to prevent and control pests and diseases in a timely manner.
Seedlings that are more than 2 years old need to be transplanted in the early spring of April. When planting, the depth of seedlings should not be buried in the soil. Transplanting seedlings will be managed in a timely manner after being alive to promote growth and cultivate into standard seedlings.
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