Autumn sowing vegetable management points
--tomato. Tomatoes grow rapidly in the fall and generally need to be transplanted within 15 days after transplanting into the nutrition cup. It is best to transplant seedlings (new shoots). When transplanting, pay attention to watering, require soil layer to be wetted, and no dry soil on the surface. After transplanting, if the soil is very dry and the temperature is high, a furrow irrigation can be conducted to reduce the soil temperature.
Viruses in tomatoes have high temperatures and should be prevented several times. The prevention and control method is sprayed with agents such as virus A, virus spirit, and plant growth promoting agents.
Although the incidence of bacterial wilt in tomatoes occurs during flowering, seedlings in high temperature and rainy weather are susceptible to disease. The symptom is that the leaves of the diseased plants become lighter in color and wilting, mostly starting from the apical leaves, and are very obvious around noon. From early evening to dawn, the leaves return to normal. After repeated days, wilting aggravates and spreads from top to bottom. The last leaf no longer returned to normal and the whole plant died.
It usually takes 3-5 days from the onset to the death of the whole plant. If the rain is wet, it can be extended for 7-10 days. Control methods are cooling, soil disinfection, irrigation with streptomycin, chloramphenicol or erythromycin.
- Green beans. The growth period of autumn bean in the autumn plant is relatively short, and the growth environment is poor. It is necessary to use heat resistance, disease resistance, strong adaptability, and the photoperiod response is intermediate or short-day type, and the scab is more concentrated and the scab rate is higher. Higher, better varieties with early maturing and high yield are appropriate. It is said that the growth period of the four-season beans is shorter than that of the spring green beans, the growth potential is weaker, and the number of boughs is less. Properly increasing the planting density is beneficial to increase the yield.
The base fertilizer generally applies 3,000 kg/mu of organic fertilizer, 40 kg/mu of superphosphate, and 10 kg/mu of potassium sulfate. It is not appropriate to apply excessive nitrogen fertilizer, and appropriate amount of lime should be applied to acidic soil. In autumn, the top-dressing beans of the four seasons should be applied before flowering, and after flowering, the principle of re-applying during the flood season should be from light to thick, usually 4 times. Pay attention to keep the soil moist when high temperature and drought. When the string beans start to be rancid, they must be erected in a timely manner to guide the vines, framed by adults, in order to facilitate ventilation and light, and promote flowering and scab.
Due to the high temperature and humidity, pests and diseases are severe. Mainly rust and ladybugs, stink bugs, locusts, etc. With chlorothalonil, rust, dichlorvos, farmland music and other prevention and treatment.
- Chinese cabbage. Disease prevention and high yield cultivation techniques are the key to successful cultivation of Chinese cabbage.
Select disease resistant varieties, high ridge cultivation. Chemical seed dressing, seed disinfection can effectively control soft rot, black rot, soft rot. The sowing date is generally 3-5 days after the beginning of autumn. Sowing should be selected in the afternoon so that seedlings can be unearthed in the evening of the third day after sowing, and after a night's growth, they can tolerate a stronger sun.
It is necessary to raise seedlings, fill seedlings, and set seedlings. In combination with thinning, the mid-tillage and weeding were carried out in the middle of Dingmiao and Rosettes, and the principle of "shallow, double, deep, and triple without damaging the roots" was followed. The cultivation of high ridges should follow the principle of "deep ditch and shallow ditch." Watering should be carried out in conjunction with topdressing. The soil in the early stage of the ball is dry and wet, and the soil is moist during the ball stage. Ten days before harvest, the outer leaves were lifted and wrapped with wheat straw or straw to prevent the frost damage or mechanical damage before harvest. Late-maturing varieties extend the growing period as much as possible, but must be harvested before frost.
Pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests such as downy mildew, soil lice, earthworms, and underground pests.
--chili. According to the practice of cultivation, pepper seedlings are seeded with seeds for pharmacy soaking, warming and germination, and seedlings are planted to cultivate seedlings. This will enable the peppers to increase production by more than 150 kilograms per acre for 20 days in the morning and increase economic efficiency by 30%.
Seed soaking. Seeds were pre-soaked with fresh water for 5 hours, then soaked in 1% copper sulfate solution, 10% trisodium phosphate solution, and 2% sodium hydroxide solution for 10 minutes.
Warming germination Immerse the soaked seeds with a damp cloth to germinate in a warm place. Daily control is 28°C-30°C for 18 hours and 16°C-20°C for 6 hours. Every day, turn and rinse 2 times, so that it will be heated evenly and germinate. Generally after 4-7 days of germination of more than 80%, can be cooled to 10 °C for low temperature hardening seedlings for about 7 hours, to be broadcast.
Split seedlings and plantlets When the seedlings grow to 4-5 true leaves, they are lined with 10 cm squares and each hole is transplanted into adjacent sheds for pipetting. Up to 10-20 true leaves and seedling ages of 90-110 days can be transplanted to Daejeon in sunny days. Other management methods are the same as conventional ones.
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