Control methods of rice premature aging

Rice is an important food crop in China. However, premature senescence often occurs in the process of rice growth. Premature senescence of rice is the wilting of stems and leaves from the time of heading to maturity, leading to poor grain filling and increased slumping. As for the reduction in production, the masses call it "stalking death" or "returning straw." Fields with premature aging will generally reduce the yield by 15% to 30%.

Control methods of rice premature aging

Rice premature aging is divided into two types: physiological premature aging and pathological premature aging. Physiological premature aging is caused by rice's own growth environment and variety characteristics. Pathological premature aging is mainly caused by sheath blight, rice blast, rice planthopper and other diseases and insect pests. Caused by reduced functional leaves.

Control measures for rice premature aging

1 Reasonable fertilization

Avoid applying too much nitrogen fertilizer in the early stage, and apply appropriate amount of topdressing fertilizer and ear fertilizer or spraying foliar fertilizer in the later stage. Foliar fertilizer should be sprayed every 5 to 7 days at the end of the booting stage and the middle of the full ear stage.

2 Scientific irrigation

Keep the field moist at the early tillering stage, dry the field at the end tillering stage, irrigate shallow water at the later stage of jointing and booting stage and heading filling stage. The water is interrupted in the field 7-12 days before harvest, and it is not advisable to interrupt the water too early.

3 Reasonable dense planting

The greater the field density, the faster the rice senescence in the later stage. Reasonable dense planting is beneficial to increase the photosynthesis of rice and improve the resistance of rice.

4 Disease and pest control

(1) Rice planthopper. The rice planthopper sucks the sap from the base of the rice stem and discharges a large amount of carbohydrate-containing toxic mucus, making the base of the rice clump black and the leaves yellow and dry. Large-scale occurrence will quickly cause the rice to die and fall down. It is recommended to use dinotefuran, nitenpyram and pymetrozine for control.

(2) Sheath blight. Sheath blight spots mainly occur on leaf sheaths and leaves. In severe cases, the pathogen can invade the stem and spread to the ears, which can easily cause premature senescence and lodging of rice. At the early stage of the disease, use 23% Kresoxim·epoxiconazole (Zunbao) for control. The active ingredient Kresoxim-methyl has plant health functions and can promote the growth of rice functional leaves.

(3) Rice blast. Severe rice blast will cause a 30% to 50% reduction in production. It is recommended to use BASF Daoqing. Daoqing not only can effectively control rice blast, but also has a unique plant health function of Xerox, which can increase the chlorophyll content of crops, enhance crop resistance and delay aging.

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