Corn baldness prevention measures
In addition to the genetic characteristics of corn varieties, the main reasons for baldness are as follows
One is nutritional deficiency. Phosphorus deficiency in the soil affects cell division. Especially in the filament elongation period, phosphorous-deficient filaments elong slowly and affect pollination. If the grains at the top of the ear are shrunken and appear abnormally white, it is manifested as a lack of phosphorus and potassium, especially potassium.
The second is the degeneration of spikelets. The spikelet at the top of the ear, degenerate and deformed, and sometimes hermaphrodite or male flowers develop but the female flowers do not develop. Affects the normal pollination of corn and it is difficult to bear fruit.
The third is the late development of filaments. The filaments at the tip of the ears develop late, and the silking is delayed, and they are often not matched with the male flowers to pollinate, making them unable to bear fruit.
The fourth is dryness and lack of water. Maize encounters drought during flowering and pollination, and the flowering interval between male and female flowers is prolonged, leading to miss the peak pollination period of the male and female flowers when the filaments stretch out, resulting in adverse pollination effects and fruiting.
The fifth is excessive dense planting. Excessive planting density results in poor ventilation and light transmission conditions in the later stage of corn growth, which affects the normal growth of corn.
Sixth, the soil lacks micro-fertilizer. When the soil lacks boron, it has an adverse effect on the formation of maize male flower pollen and the pollination activity. When zinc is deficient, white spots appear on the leaves of old seedlings, and they expand rapidly, forming local white areas and necrotic spots, and the internodes are shortened, which can also cause abnormal growth and development of ears and lead to baldness.
Prevention:
One is the selection of fine varieties. It is necessary to choose high-yield, full-grained, and vigorous coated seeds suitable for local planting, and measures such as drying and dressing the seeds with a new high-fat film before sowing. The planting density is generally around 4000 plants. The number of plants should be appropriately increased for fields with poor fertility, and the number of plants should be appropriately reduced for fields with better fertility. At the same time, the *** is planted in wide and narrow rows to avoid weak seedlings due to uneven fertilizer, water and light.
The second is reasonable fertilization. Fertilization should be combined with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and appropriate application of micro-fertilizers. The plots with low fertility should be top-dressed, but pay attention to the front and the back to avoid the greed and late maturity. Control watering during the seedling stage, promote the differentiation of young ears, shorten the time between tasseling and silking, and increase the chance of pollination. Do it in fertilization: reapply base fertilizer. Apply enough farmyard manure, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer at once as much as possible. For medium fertility fields, 750-1000 kg of high-quality farmyard manure, 6 kg of urea, 50-60 kg of superphosphate, 1.5-2 kg of zinc sulfate, and poor or better fertility fields should be applied per mu. Appropriately apply more or less. Clever application of ear fertilizer. 10 days before the earing of the corn, which is often referred to as the big bell-mouth period, generally 25-30 kg of ammonium bicarbonate is applied per mu, and 3 kg of urea per mu is applied when the ears begin to spin. Spray zinc fertilizer. At the jointing stage of corn, use 2% zinc sulfate solution to spray evenly on the leaves.
The third is to pour tassel flowering water. Corn is sensitive to water 15 days before tasseling. When the soil moisture content in drought is lower than 80% of the field maximum water holding capacity, it should be watered immediately. Timely spraying of Zhuangsuiling is beneficial to corn pollination and grain filling. The fourth is artificial auxiliary pollination. During the maize blooming season, you should hurry up in the morning after the dew is dry and the male flowers begin to loose a lot of powder. The rope pulling method or the plant shaking method can be used, once every 2-3 days, for 2-3 times in a row, to prevent baldness.
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