Cultivation Techniques of "Xiahong No.1" Tomato
Xiahong No.1 tomato is a new tomato variety cultivated by the Seed Seedling Center of South China Agricultural University in recent years. It is more and more popular among vegetable growers because of its comprehensive characteristics of early maturity, heat resistance, disease resistance, high yield and high quality. Planting this variety in Zhejiang Province has increased yield by more than 100% compared to local varieties.
First, the cultivation season
Spring sowing is from late December to mid-January, autumn is from mid-July to mid-August, and above 300 meters above sea level can be used for summer cultivation (ie, April to June sowing), Hainan, Zhanjiang and other places can be used for winter. Planting, other areas can be planted with reference to local sowing time.
Second, sowing seedlings
Tomato seedlings should be selected for easy irrigation and drainage, loose soil, and seeding for seedlings in the fields where the Solanaceae crops have not been planted. Finely tidying the ground, the surface is drenched with water. Seeds should be sterilized before sowing, soaked in warm water for 4 hours, then immersed in 0.1% potassium permanganate for 15 minutes, taken out and rinsed with water, wrapped in place at 25 ° C - 30 ° C in the dark to germination, during the germination period Once, keep warm and moisturize, 2-3 days after the white can be sown. It is best to use a nutrition cup to raise seedlings in places where conditions permit. The tomato seeds are small, and they can be mixed with dry mud powder or calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer when planting. Spring nursery should be covered with film to prevent cold, summer and autumn sowing application of straw or shade net to cool and moisturize. When the seedling grows to 5-6 pieces of true leaves, it can be transplanted, and 7-10 days before transplanting, the fertilizer should be controlled to control the water. In order to prevent seedling pests and diseases from being brought into the field, a pesticide should be sprayed once (the trichlorfon plus mancozeb can be used).
Third, site preparation
Before the selection, the rice was ploughed and ploughed for more than three years without planting the Solanaceae crop. The soil was disinfected and the pH was adjusted with 75-100 kg of lime powder. The base fertilizer is applied, and the farmer's fertilizer is 2000 kilograms, and the compound fertilizer is 50 kilograms. It is planted from sorghum, and the height is about 35 cm. The width of the raft is about 1.8 meters. The planting is double-row, the plant spacing is 40 centimeters, and about 1600 plants are planted. After planting, the root water is drenched, and after the seedlings survive, the watering is stopped, and the seedlings are cultivated to promote deep rooting.
Fourth, Daejeon Management
After the tomato seedlings were planted for half a month, the cultivating soil was cultivated, and the manure water or phosphorus-potassium fertilizer was applied once (the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were used as the liquid). Before the flowering, the nitrogen fertilizer was applied less. After the first inflorescence was flowered, the vines were put on the shelves in time. Double-rod pruning, leaving the first inflorescence under the side of the branch, the remaining side buds were removed in time. Re-apply a top dressing, 5-10 kg of urea, 50 kg of compound fertilizer, and sprayed around the plant. During the flowering period, the surface is moistened, and it is easy to cause tomato cracking and umbilical rot. For each harvested fruit, the foliar fertilizer should be applied once, mainly with foliar spray, which can spray Fengbao, Lufenwei and other foliar fertilizers. In the middle and late period, the old leaves and diseased leaves in the lower part of the plant are removed in time for ventilation and light transmission, reducing the spread of pests and diseases and nutrient consumption. Timely thinning fruit, when the fruit grows to the size of the finger, the diseased fruit, the deformed fruit, the weak fruit are removed, and the fruit is 4 in each inflorescence. When the temperature is too high or too low, use the tomato spirit to wipe the flowers to increase the fruit setting rate.
Five, pest control
Xiahong No. 1 tomato has strong disease resistance and attention to prevention: blight, viral disease, gray mold, and disease (early and late blight). Insect pests are mainly aphids, cotton bollworms, and Liriomyza sativae. The control of blight is carried out with 50% carbendazim, or 70% methyl thiophanate, or 500-600 times of chlorpyrifos before or during the onset. The prevention and treatment of virus diseases should be carried out before seeding, and the seedlings should be protected against aphids. At the beginning of the disease, 20% of virus A powder 500, 1.5% of phytopathogenic emulsion 1000 times, and potassium permanganate 1000 times were sprayed. Gray mold can be controlled by serotonin. The disease can be treated with mancozeb and Leno disease. Aphids can be sprayed with imidacloprid, or 75% phoxim, or 50% anti-Poly. The control of cotton bollworm should be sprayed before the larvae, and 50% phoxim can be used, or 50% taibao spray. Liriomyza sativae can be controlled by drugs such as lesbian and top stick.
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