Know the knowledge of fertilizing in early spring
Now it's the season of spring plowing again. What are the requirements for crop fertilization in early spring?
Nitrogen fertilizer is required in the early stage. Crop germination and flowering in early spring require a lot of energy. Nitrogen fertilizer is the main raw material of protein in crops and is a component of chlorophyll and enzymes. After the first true leaves of crops sprout, they begin to absorb nitrogen fertilizer. During the flowering period, the nutrients consumed by crops account for about 70% of the reserve nutrients. After flowering, branches begin to grow and fruit set. A large amount of nutrients are needed for cell division of young fruit. The reserve nutrients are often insufficient. Therefore, it is necessary before flowering and germination. Apply fertilizer once.
Nitrogen fertilizer is effective when supplemented at the right time. Nitrogen fertilizer should be used during the critical period of nitrogen demand and the maximum efficiency period of crops. Different crops have different critical period of fertilizer requirement and maximum efficiency period, so they should be treated differently and applied rationally. For example, the critical period of nitrogen demand for gramineous crops such as wheat and corn is in the tillering stage and ear differentiation stage, and cotton is in the bud and boll stage. Nitrogen-****** efficiency period: Wheat is in the jointing to booting stage, rice is in the tillering to jointing stage, corn is in the bell-mouth stage, tomato is in the fruiting stage, cabbage is in the rosette stage, sunflower is in the bud stage, soybean is in the initial flowering stage, etc. .
Apply water-soluble fertilizer in early spring. Take fruit trees as an example. During the growth process of fruit trees, early growth, early stopping, and early accumulation are beneficial to the formation of flower buds. The stronger the sprouts of fruit trees in spring growth points, the more spring shoots grow, and the longer they grow, they can stop early. The more growth points on the fruit tree, the sooner the fruit tree stops growing; the fewer spring shoots on the tree, the later it stops growing, and even some slivers continue to grow without the junction of spring and autumn shoots. This is called blind joints. Therefore, in order to make fruit trees grow early and stop early, there must be sufficient nutrients in spring. The fertilizer effect period of top dressing in spring cannot be too long, otherwise the branches will grow vigorously, which will affect the differentiation of flower buds and fruit swelling. Generally speaking, the fertilizer effect period of top dressing should not exceed 20 days. Generally, compound fertilizers have a longer effective period, and water-soluble fertilizers are more conducive to the absorption of fruit tree roots and take effect faster. Fruit tree topdressing is stronger and base fertilizer is slower, so water-soluble fertilizer is more suitable for topdressing.
In addition, pay attention to the temperature when applying urea in early spring. The thalidomide nitrogen of urea cannot be directly absorbed by crops. It must be converted into ammonium nitrogen by the action of microorganisms in the soil before it can be used. At a temperature of 10°C, the conversion time takes 7-10 days, and at 20°C it takes 4-5 days. In early spring, the ground temperature is generally low, and the transformation time is longer. It may not keep up with the critical period of fertilizer requirement and the maximum efficiency period of the crop, resulting in waste of fertilizer, and prone to late lodging, prosperous growth, affecting flowering and fruit setting .
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