Prevention and Control of Main Diseases in the Middle and Late Period of Pepper
2019-06-18 14:26:18
Anthrax is also known as black spot disease, red spot disease, black shank disease, and the like. Anthracnose is the first of three major diseases that damage the line of pepper. Major damage to the line of pepper fruit, causing decay. The disease division is very wide. The planting areas in each line of pepper in our province have occurred to varying degrees, but due to different sources, it can be divided into black hairy anthrax and red hairy anthrax.
1, black hairy anthrax. Harm in the fruit corner, often produces oblong lesions, pitted into water stains, concentric circles, many small lesions on the late lesions, spore trays on the diseased fruit, disease There is a fading circle around the spot. When the lesions are dry, the lesions are broken. The lesions of the leaves produce brownish green water-stained spots. The shape is irregular. After the lesions are mostly brown, the center is gray, and small black spots are arranged in a roulette pattern.
2, red hairy anthrax. The main damage to the fruit of the pepper, the old fruit is vulnerable, the lesions on the fruit are generally similar to the black hairy anthrax, but the black spots on the lesions are larger and darker, and there is a small red dot overflow in the wet conditions. Red hairy anthrax harms the young fruit and fruit and produces a round or oval water-spotted lesion. The lesion is yellow-brown and slightly sunken with orange-red dots. When wet, the surface overflows with reddish mucus. The disease is in high humidity. The incidence of more than when it was rainy, such as 8819, seven inch red, crown 19-1, crown Qin 19-3, Feng Li, a number of susceptible. Especially ripe fruits are vulnerable. Poor drainage, excessive planting, and excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers are all major causes of disease. The pathogenic bacteria of this disease often overwhelm the plant residues left over from last year and overwinter in the soil. It can also spread through rain, insects and other vectors.
Prevention of anthrax measures
1. Select disease-resistant varieties such as 981, crown 19-1 long type and so on.
2, the implementation of rotating crops and do not even with Solanaceae plants.
3, the implementation of seed disinfection, sowing seeds, first soaked in clean water for 6-10 hours, and then soaked with 1% copper sulfate solution for 5 minutes, remove and sprinkle a small amount of grass ash comprehensive acidity after sowing.
4, to strengthen the comprehensive management, when the fruit is harvested, it is necessary to quickly clear the park, the diseased plants were burned. Increasing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, controlling the amount of nitrogen fertilizer application, strengthening foliar spray fertilizer, and using 500 times potassium dihydrogen phosphate can enhance plant resistance.
5, pharmaceutical control. The Bordeaux mixture was prepared by mixing 0.5 kg of copper sulfate, 120 kg of quicklime, and 120 kg of water to make a blue Bordeaux mixture, which was sprayed three times. Use 50% chlorothalonil 600 times. Spraying three times with 50% or 75% of the rifampicin 600 times worked well.
The Mosaic Virus Disease Line Pepper Mosaic Virus Disease is widely distributed in our province, and each cultivar of pungency has its occurrence to varying degrees. Symptoms are the same spotted yellow-green spots on the leaves, easy fruit drop, narrow young leaves, and curled edges. The dark green part seems to protrude upwards. The diseased plants are short and short, the internodes are shortened, the middle and upper branches are clustered, the stems are also clustered, the branchlets of the stems are dark brown, and the severely ill parts of the branches and twigs or the whole plant all die.
Line chilli mosaic disease is mainly caused by tobacco mosaic disease and cucumber mosaic disease, which produces rim-like streak, while cucumber mosaic disease mainly produces mosaic symptoms. Tobacco mosaic disease is mainly transmitted by contact. Such as pruning and other farm operations. Line pepper mosaic virus is mainly transmitted by ticks. In dry weather conditions, the atmospheric temperature is 25-30 °C, there are often a large number of winged cricket movements, in the back of the pepper leaves people can not see the virus eggs. Virus spores can cause the mosaic virus disease to infect, it spreads quickly, will expand the whole field block overnight. If it is connected with the Solanaceae crop, mosaic virus disease is more susceptible.
Measures against virus mosaic disease
1. Select disease resistant varieties: such as 981 and Xiongnong 20.
2, in the disease-free and robust growth of the plant to retain the best, select the middle and upper fruit corners.
3, the implementation of rotating crops, can not be combined with Solanaceae crops.
4, the use of early nursery, nurturing strong seedlings, early planting, early hair trees.
5, strengthen the soil intensive cultivation, ensure that plants grow strong.
6, if there are locusts with 40% dimethoate 1500 times or 70% of grade thiophanate 1500 times even spray 3-4 times.
7. Spray twice with 20ppm indole acetic acid before onset.
Wilt disease is the main target of the disease. It is brown capsicum, rotten and soft. It is easily peeled off with fingers. The whole plant withered. The disease mostly occurred in the high-temperature and rainy season in August, or the flooding and flooding occurred. After heavy rain or watering part of the plot of water.
Prevention of wilt disease
1. Deeply plowing the land, fine soil preparation, ground leveling, fine pruning, and timely drainage.
2, more cultivator to ensure that the soil is loose, strong root development.
3, combined with cultivator, break the head stage to reverse, promote the development of the root system.
4. Do not make crop rotations with Solanaceae crops.
5, watering depends on the sky to see the seedlings, if the ground rift, the seedlings grow slowly, it really needs watering, but according to the weather forecast for three days no rain and then watering.
6, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements also need to be properly matched.
1, black hairy anthrax. Harm in the fruit corner, often produces oblong lesions, pitted into water stains, concentric circles, many small lesions on the late lesions, spore trays on the diseased fruit, disease There is a fading circle around the spot. When the lesions are dry, the lesions are broken. The lesions of the leaves produce brownish green water-stained spots. The shape is irregular. After the lesions are mostly brown, the center is gray, and small black spots are arranged in a roulette pattern.
2, red hairy anthrax. The main damage to the fruit of the pepper, the old fruit is vulnerable, the lesions on the fruit are generally similar to the black hairy anthrax, but the black spots on the lesions are larger and darker, and there is a small red dot overflow in the wet conditions. Red hairy anthrax harms the young fruit and fruit and produces a round or oval water-spotted lesion. The lesion is yellow-brown and slightly sunken with orange-red dots. When wet, the surface overflows with reddish mucus. The disease is in high humidity. The incidence of more than when it was rainy, such as 8819, seven inch red, crown 19-1, crown Qin 19-3, Feng Li, a number of susceptible. Especially ripe fruits are vulnerable. Poor drainage, excessive planting, and excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers are all major causes of disease. The pathogenic bacteria of this disease often overwhelm the plant residues left over from last year and overwinter in the soil. It can also spread through rain, insects and other vectors.
Prevention of anthrax measures
1. Select disease-resistant varieties such as 981, crown 19-1 long type and so on.
2, the implementation of rotating crops and do not even with Solanaceae plants.
3, the implementation of seed disinfection, sowing seeds, first soaked in clean water for 6-10 hours, and then soaked with 1% copper sulfate solution for 5 minutes, remove and sprinkle a small amount of grass ash comprehensive acidity after sowing.
4, to strengthen the comprehensive management, when the fruit is harvested, it is necessary to quickly clear the park, the diseased plants were burned. Increasing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, controlling the amount of nitrogen fertilizer application, strengthening foliar spray fertilizer, and using 500 times potassium dihydrogen phosphate can enhance plant resistance.
5, pharmaceutical control. The Bordeaux mixture was prepared by mixing 0.5 kg of copper sulfate, 120 kg of quicklime, and 120 kg of water to make a blue Bordeaux mixture, which was sprayed three times. Use 50% chlorothalonil 600 times. Spraying three times with 50% or 75% of the rifampicin 600 times worked well.
The Mosaic Virus Disease Line Pepper Mosaic Virus Disease is widely distributed in our province, and each cultivar of pungency has its occurrence to varying degrees. Symptoms are the same spotted yellow-green spots on the leaves, easy fruit drop, narrow young leaves, and curled edges. The dark green part seems to protrude upwards. The diseased plants are short and short, the internodes are shortened, the middle and upper branches are clustered, the stems are also clustered, the branchlets of the stems are dark brown, and the severely ill parts of the branches and twigs or the whole plant all die.
Line chilli mosaic disease is mainly caused by tobacco mosaic disease and cucumber mosaic disease, which produces rim-like streak, while cucumber mosaic disease mainly produces mosaic symptoms. Tobacco mosaic disease is mainly transmitted by contact. Such as pruning and other farm operations. Line pepper mosaic virus is mainly transmitted by ticks. In dry weather conditions, the atmospheric temperature is 25-30 °C, there are often a large number of winged cricket movements, in the back of the pepper leaves people can not see the virus eggs. Virus spores can cause the mosaic virus disease to infect, it spreads quickly, will expand the whole field block overnight. If it is connected with the Solanaceae crop, mosaic virus disease is more susceptible.
Measures against virus mosaic disease
1. Select disease resistant varieties: such as 981 and Xiongnong 20.
2, in the disease-free and robust growth of the plant to retain the best, select the middle and upper fruit corners.
3, the implementation of rotating crops, can not be combined with Solanaceae crops.
4, the use of early nursery, nurturing strong seedlings, early planting, early hair trees.
5, strengthen the soil intensive cultivation, ensure that plants grow strong.
6, if there are locusts with 40% dimethoate 1500 times or 70% of grade thiophanate 1500 times even spray 3-4 times.
7. Spray twice with 20ppm indole acetic acid before onset.
Wilt disease is the main target of the disease. It is brown capsicum, rotten and soft. It is easily peeled off with fingers. The whole plant withered. The disease mostly occurred in the high-temperature and rainy season in August, or the flooding and flooding occurred. After heavy rain or watering part of the plot of water.
Prevention of wilt disease
1. Deeply plowing the land, fine soil preparation, ground leveling, fine pruning, and timely drainage.
2, more cultivator to ensure that the soil is loose, strong root development.
3, combined with cultivator, break the head stage to reverse, promote the development of the root system.
4. Do not make crop rotations with Solanaceae crops.
5, watering depends on the sky to see the seedlings, if the ground rift, the seedlings grow slowly, it really needs watering, but according to the weather forecast for three days no rain and then watering.
6, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements also need to be properly matched.
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