See the scientific prevention and control plan for the aggravation of weeds
In recent years, due to the rapid promotion of light-simplified cultivation techniques, the succession of farmland weed communities, and the rising level of weed resistance, the damage of farmland weeds has continued to increase, with an annual area of ​​more than 1.4 billion mu, and the density of field occurrences is increasing. The higher it is, it will seriously threaten the safety of my country's agricultural production. In order to scientifically control farmland weeds, ensure the safety of agricultural production, and effectively reduce the excessive use of herbicides, please refer to the experts of the National Agricultural Technology Center focusing on the production of rice, wheat, soybeans, and corn to study and formulate a scientific control plan for farmland weeds.
Paddy field weed control plan
Weeds in rice fields are divided into three categories: grass weeds such as barnyard grass, stephengrass, weedy rice, broad-leaved weeds such as wild aquila, yujiuhua, and affinis and heteromorphic sedges, sedge grass, and firefly Cyperaceae weeds occur in an area of ​​about 300 million mu each year.
Seed selection. Through the quarantine of the import and export of the rice seed, it is found out whether the rice seed contains the seeds of resistant weeds such as barnyard grass. After screening, wind raising, and water selection, weed seeds are eliminated and the weeds are controlled. Long-distance transmission and harm.
Agronomic measures. Measures such as deep plowing and leveling, water layer management, fertilizing and strengthening seedlings, paddy and dry rotation, and cropping and stubble replacement are adopted to maintain good ecological conditions for rice, promote rice growth, and improve rice's competitiveness against weeds. In the middle and late stages of rice growth, weeds can be manually removed to prevent the new generation of weed seeds from infecting the field. Physical measures. Take measures such as intercepting weed seeds carried by irrigation water, harvesting weed seeds floating on the field water, and removing weeds around the ridges to gradually deplete the soil weed seed bank and minimize the scale of weeds in farmland. .
Machine transplanting rice field. For plots with sufficient irrigation water in the northeastern rice area, it is recommended to adopt the “two seals and one supplement†grass control mode, which should be sealed once before and after transplanting. The stems and leaves are treated once about 20 days after transplanting, depending on the grass condition; plots are in short supply for irrigation water. It is recommended to adopt the “one kill one kill†grass control mode, sealing once after planting, and treating stems and leaves once about 20 days after planting. 3-7 days before insertion, use oxadiazon, oxadiazon + pyrazosulfuron-methyl, butyl oxazone EC + pyrazosulfuron-methyl, etc. for sealing; 10-12 days after insertion, use benzothiazole, benzyl, propylbenzyl, and barnyardgrass Phosphorus is blocked; about 20 days after insertion, penoxsulam, cyhalfen-ethyl, quinclorac, oxadifen, flupyridin, dimethoxan, etc. can be used for stem and leaf treatment.
Weed control plan in wheat field
Weeds in wheat fields are mainly divided into grassy weeds such as Kan Mai Niang, Japanese Kan Mai Niang, Sorbus, wild oats, and bromegrass, and broadleaf weeds such as Sorrel, Shepherd’s purse, Artemisia sowing and Chrysanthemum, occur every year. The area is about 250 million mu or more.
Seed selection. Through the quarantine of the imported and transferred wheat seeds, we can find out whether the seeds are entrained in weed seeds, especially wild oats, poisonous wheat, etc., after quarantine treatment, and carry out pre-sowing seed screening or water selection measures, etc. Effectively control the long-distance spread of weeds.
Agronomic measures. Timely removal of weeds in farmland environment, implementation of wheat oil, lettuce and other crop rotation can effectively reduce the harm of weeds. Improving the quality of soil preparation, rational fertilization, strengthening the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests at the seedling stage, etc., promote the whole seedling, strong seedling and uniform seedling of wheat, and improve the competitiveness of wheat against weeds.
Spring wheat planting area. In the 3-5 leaf stage of spring wheat, weeds in the whole field shall be sprayed evenly for control. For wheat fields dominated by gramineous weeds, clodinafop, pinoxaden, and dicamba can be used to control wild oats, and metsulfuron-methyl and trifluazuron-methyl can be used to control brome. For wheat fields dominated by broad-leaved weeds, dimethyltetrachloride, fluroxypyr, fenoxazone, fluclopyridin, and diflufenican can be used to control broad-leaved Chenopodiaceae, Polygonaceae, Perennial Compositae, etc. Weeds.
Soybean field weed control plan
Weeds in soybean fields are divided into grassy weeds such as crabgrass, setaria, goosegrass and broadleaf weeds such as cocklebur, quinoa, and Commelina communis. The annual occurrence area is about 50 million mu.
Agronomic measures. Shallow rotary tillage before planting, early planting at the right time, reasonable dense planting, and adopting measures such as crop rotation and stubble replacement to reduce the occurrence of associated weeds. Strengthen good fertilizer and water management, improve soybean's competitiveness against weeds, and close ridges as soon as possible.
Summer soybean planting area. Summer soybean planting areas generally adopt a double-cropping one-year planting model. Soybeans are planted after rotary tillage, and they are often rotated with wheat and rapeseed. Use acetochlor (metolachlor, fine metolachlor, propisochlor) + Thifensulfuron (flufentrazone) bucket mix for post-planting pre-emergence soil treatment. If the stem and leaf treatment is needed, before the soybean ridge is closed, at the 4-5 leaf stage of the weeds, use fluroxypyr, fluroxypyr, quizalofop, clethodim, enoxypyr, etc. Grass weeds, control of broad-leaved weeds such as acifluorfen, acifluorfen, fomesafen, lactofen, methyl oxalate, and fenoxalon.
Weed control plan in corn field
Corn field weeds are divided into grass weeds such as crabgrass, goosegrass, barnyard grass and broadleaf weeds such as amaranthus retroflexus, purslane, and convolvulus. The annual occurrence area is about 400 million mu.
Agronomic measures. Clear weeds on the fields and roadsides in time to prevent weeds from invading the farmland. Combine measures such as covering with wheat (cole) straw and interplanting other crops (soybeans, peanuts, etc.) between rows to reduce the occurrence of associated weeds. Strengthen fertilizer and water management to improve the competitiveness of corn against weeds.
Summer corn planting area. Maize planting areas in Huanghuaihai and southern regions generally adopt a double-cropping planting model per year. Corn is planted with stubble and no-tillage after wheat (canola) harvest. It is advisable to adopt the weeding model of closed and stem-leaf treatment. Use acetochlor (metolachlor, propisochlor) + atrazine (cyanoxazine, terbutazone) barrel mix or acetochlor mixture, Ding·atrium mixture for post-sowing and pre-emergence soil treatment. If the density of weeds in the field is not high after wheat harvest, and the leaf age is small, nicosulfuron, mesotrione, and fentrazone can be used for stem and leaf treatment according to the grass phase. If there are a lot of broad-leaved weeds when applying pesticides, you can use barrel-mixed fluroxypyr, atrazine, etc.
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