Small straw ammoniation technique

I. Benefits of straw ammonification

1. Save food and reduce the dependence of animal husbandry on food.

2, improve palatability, increase livestock feed intake of straw.

3, can improve the straw organic matter digestibility 10-12%, crude protein content increased by 1 times.

4, the material is easy to take, the method is simple and easy.

5, reduce the cost of feeding and increase economic efficiency.

Second, the production of straw ammoniated feed

1, ammoniated raw material selection: a variety of crops with good texture, no mildew, moisture content of not more than 13%, such as straw, corn stalks, wheat straw, agricultural and sideline products such as chaff and cottonseed hull can be used as ammonia Raw materials.

2. Ammonia source and dosage: Various agricultural nitrogen fertilizers, such as urea, ammonium bicarbonate, etc., the most commonly used is urea, its amount is 4% -5%, ammonium bicarbonate 8% -12%.

3, ammoniated containers: There are several kinds of cement ammoniation tanks, cylinders, plastic bags. The construction of ammoniated (silage) ponds: 1 As far as possible, it should be built in places with high topography, solid soil and monotonous leewardness. It is necessary to avoid the occasions where people and livestock are active, but also to have access to the barrows, convenient access and conditions. It can also be built indoors. 2 built pool method: usually more than a semi-undersized rectangle grid pool. Digging a rectangular wall pit with four vertical walls in the selected location, the volume of which can be determined according to the number of livestock raised. After that, the brick wall is built along the wall, a partition wall is built in the middle, the brick wall is 50 cm above the ground, and the bottom is used. The flat brick or broken brick is laid flat, and the walls and the bottom are cemented. The cement pool is made of two grids and two grids are recycled. Use one grid and one grid. 3 ammoniation method (urea ammoniation method): straw or corn stalks cut to 5 - 10 cm, the first to add urea at the rate of 4-5 kg ​​of urea per kilogram of straw, fully dissolved in 40-50 A solution of kilograms of water is sprayed on the stalks, filled with a layer of spray, and continuously sprayed and sprayed, while being pressed tightly, while being mounted 30 to 50 centimeters from the pit, the top is tapered, covered with a film, and wet mud The interface between the sealing film and the container. To prevent rat damage, soil can be pressed onto the membrane.

III. Management and Utilization of Ammoniated Straw

1. Sealedness check: During the ammoniation period, check the film for leaks and breakages. In particular, the rats should be prevented from blowing the film and the damage should be repaired in time.

2. Ammoxidation time: The duration of ammoniating is intimately related to the ambient temperature, usually 2-3 weeks in summer, 3-6 weeks in spring and autumn, and more than 8 weeks in winter.

3. Character appraisal: According to the sensory inspection, straw with good character can be used for feed without mildew, yellowish-brown in color, odor-flavored, soft texture and pungent ammonia smell, on the contrary, if you see the straw gray or brown There is a pungent odor, and straw sticks into pieces, so it cannot be used as feed.

4, access: ammoniated straw to the specified time, you can open the access, after removal and spread on the ventilated cement floor on ammonia for 1 day, to be pungent when the ammonia smell, before feeding, each time to take Containers should still be sealed after use, avoid water. The ammoniated stalks can also be taken out at one time, spread out to dry, and then re-deposited in the corner of the vacant room or shed, covered with a film, to avoid the sun and rain, how much to take when feeding.

Ammoniated straw is a good feed for the winter. For adult cattle, especially for rural labor cattle and even beef cattle, it is safe to get over winter without adding a little concentrate or oil cake (bean cake or cotton cake, etc.). However, in order to obtain better production results, it is necessary to match with a certain amount of feed.