Summary of the seven management points of the spring orchard
It is said that the year is spring. At this time, the soil begins to thaw and gradually enters the period of re-slurry. Some fruit farmers have gone through the winter orchard cleaning, pest control, winter plastic pruning, autumn application, and so on. Managed on the heart. However, the management of spring orchards is the most important. Fruit trees in each season have different growth characteristics. Therefore, the management priorities and measures for each season are not the same. Therefore, fruit farmers should take measures to do a good job in the management of orchard as soon as possible so that the process of germination and flowering of fruit trees can proceed smoothly.
1. Saving frozen fruit trees
After a few waves of cold weather in winter, even if the antifreeze measures are done in the orchard, it is still difficult to avoid the possibility of frostbite in some fruit trees. Therefore, after the temperature rises in spring, measures must be taken to remedy the frozen fruit trees. Generally, the branches of the branches are frozen and stripped. According to the germination, they should be retracted to the germinated parts in time, and the excessive germination should be erased to facilitate the new branches and expand the crown as soon as possible. At the same time, after the new shoots are bright, spray the foliar fertilizer. If there is a situation in which the fruit tree is dead, it should be removed in time and replanted.
2, the cold spring attention to freezing damage
Although the temperature has risen in the spring, it is rising too fast, but it is prone to cold spring. At this time, it is precisely when we are most likely to ignore the fact that when the fruit trees are cold, if the temperature is too low, the fruit trees will be easily frozen at this time. Because when the temperature rises above 5 °C, the fruit trees begin to sprout and grow. If the temperature is below 0 °C during the flowering period, the flower and the young shoots are susceptible to freezing damage, resulting in fruit setting and poor growth. Therefore, at this time, it is necessary to take measures such as irrigation, fumigation, spraying, and whitening to prevent freezing damage.
3. Do a good job in pest control
The temperature in the spring rose, the fruit trees were active, and the pests and diseases in the orchards began to be active. Therefore, at this time, it is necessary to carry out the second clearing of the garden, completely remove the residual leaves, stiff fruit and hanging branches of the tree, clean the fallen leaves, fallen branches, diseased fruit and paper bags and packaging waste, and remove the decaying disease trees and branches. The pests are removed, burned intensively and buried deep in the tree tray, and strive to be thorough. At the same time, it can carry out measures such as scraping old wing skin, pre-flowering re-cutting, physical pest control, spraying medicine, preventing diseases and pests, etc.
4, do a good job in orchard fertilizer management
Spring is the period when fruit trees are sitting and fruiting. At this time, it is necessary to apply the pre-flowering fertilizer and fruit-bearing fertilizer. Before germination to flowering, according to the age of the tree, the tree potential and the target yield, the nitrogen fertilizer is combined with a small amount of phosphorus fertilizer to apply the pre-flowering fertilizer to promote spring. Shoot growth and young fruit development. In addition, in dry areas, irrigation should be carried out after fertilization, and water should be poured in due to weather conditions.
5, carved buds in addition to sprouting
Before the germination of the fruit trees to the germination stage, combined with the spring re-cutting, in the center of the trunk, the main branch, the branch group must be filled with new branches to carry out pre-emergence incision, and promote the branching. During the period from germination to fruit thinning, combined with tree management to eliminate useless sprouts in time, reduce nutrient ineffective consumption, improve light and save labor. In addition, it is necessary to cut off competition, opposites, rotations, over-density, and pests and diseases.
6. Do a good job in flower and fruit management in a timely manner
When the amount of flower buds in the tree is small, there is no pollination variety or frost damage, artificial pollination, flowering bee, spraying plant growth regulator and mineral fertilizer should be carried out for flower preservation and fruit preservation. When the amount of flowers is too large or the fruit set rate is too high, in order to ensure a reasonable load, it is necessary to carry out flower thinning and fruit thinning by means of artificial thinning and fruit thinning or chemical thinning and fruit thinning, generally one large inflorescence type is left for each inflorescence. Fruit, small fruit varieties, the right amount of fruit, pay attention to stay good and worse, to eliminate diseased fruit, insect fruit, small fruit, capsule, leaf grinding fruit, retain large fruit, strong fruit.
7, the rest of the management
In addition, many fruit trees in spring need to be cut, so if necessary, plastic trimming can be performed according to the characteristics of the fruit trees, growth conditions, and the like. In the spring, the orchard can also carry out reasonable intercropping, and it also has many benefits for the orchard. At the same time, it can carry out deep soil turning and improve soil permeability.
The above are the seven main points of spring orchard management. When the spring arrives, the fruit trees begin to take root, sprout, fruit, and shoot. But at this time, it is also the time when the fruit trees and pests begin to smash and inflict damage. Therefore, the management of the orchard is particularly important in the spring. Only by strengthening the management of the orchard in the spring will the orchard produce more fruits.
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