Application of adeno-associated virus AAV in Nobel Prize study (autophagy, gene editing technology, optogenetic research)
Adreno-Associated Virus (AAV) is a member of the Parvoviridae family. This family member is a small, uncoated and icosahedral structure. The virions are between 20 and 26 nm in diameter and contain a linear single-stranded DNA genome between 4.7 and 6 kb in size. Its replication and proliferation depend on the presence of helper viruses. Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) as a gene therapy tool has several advantages:
1. No pathogenicity.
2. Can be expressed in transfected host cells for a long time.
3. Has low immunogenicity.
4. Can infect a variety of cells, and is not affected by cell differentiation.
These characteristics are exactly what rAAV can be used as a condition for gene therapy.
On October 3, 2016, the Caroline Medical School of Sweden announced in Stockholm that the 2016 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to the Japanese scientist Otsuka to recognize his achievements in the study of cellular autophagy. With the promulgation of this award, autophagy, gene editing technology CRISPR-CAS9, the three most advanced biological researches in optogenetics, the competition for the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine has finally settled, and the study of autophagy has taken the lead.
Below we will talk about the important application of AAV virus in the research of the three major awards.
First, the application of adeno-associated virus in autophagy
At present, the methods for monitoring and detecting autophagy in vitro have been successful, but there is no perfect method for detecting the development of autophagy in vivo. Jike Gene develops an adeno-associated virus based on the mRFP-GFP-LC3 structure for detecting the occurrence of autophagy in the body, especially in nerve cells.
(Measurement of autophagy flux in the nervous system in vivo)
Second, the application of adeno-associated virus in gene editing technology CRISPR-CAS9
The CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing has quickly become the most popular system for genome editing in vitro and in germ cells, but in vivo gene editing methods have difficulties in the delivery, expression efficiency and safety of Cas9 proteins. The GK gene utilizes the low immunogenicity of adeno-associated virus (AAV) and the specific infection of serotypes in vivo. The AAV virus and the optimized spCas9 protein are combined to form a set of AAV-spCas9 in vivo gene editing system.
(In vivo genome editing using Staphylococcus aureus Cas9)
Third, the application of adeno-associated virus in optogenetic research
Light inheritance is generally a technique that combines optical and genetic means to precisely control the activity of a particular neuron. Genetics technology was first introduced into the field of neurobiology by Dr. Karl Deisseroth of Stanford University. First, a specific type of neuron is transferred to a gene that produces channel proteins that can be controlled without laser stimulation of color. These channels are opened and closed to activate or inhibit the action of such neurons. The combination of bioluminescent proteins, light regulatory elements, and AAV viruses provides an excellent tool for optogenetic research. Jikai Gene provides a series of optogenetic AAV viral vector stocks for researchers.
(Nature Communications 6, 6802 (2015)
All the research partners, the AAV virus in the three major applications of the current Nobel Prize has occupied an important place. You Science and Technology have chosen AAV virus as a good tool for genetic research. What are you waiting for? Pay close attention to the Jikai Gene WeChat, or call the Jikai Gene AAV virus product. The AAV virus products produced by Jikai Gene are characterized by high purity, high titer, high activity and short cycle, providing high quality tool products for researchers. Focus on virus packaging for more than ten years, because of concentration, so professional! ! !
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