Causes and Prevention of Potato Black Heart
2024-11-07 02:59:52
Symptoms and causes In the field growth period, the plants are dwarfed and stiffened, the leaves yellow, and the leaflets curl upward. At the late onset, the base of the stem turned black and rotted, and the plants died. The tuber of the diseased plant first turns black from the stolon and rots, and the inward development makes the heart become black and forms a black heart. In moist conditions, the course of the disease develops rapidly, causing the entire tuber to rot, and gives off a bad odor. This black heart is caused by potato black shank, caused by a bacterial infection. Onset of light potato pieces can continue to rot during the storage period, and emit bad odor.
In the storage period, the potato can produce another black heart, the symptoms appear inside the tuber, the appearance is asymptomatic. After cutting the tubers, the central part of the tubers became darker, some became black and hollow, and showed water loss, hardening and leatheriness, but it was not easy to rot and no smell. If the disease is severe, the black heart part can extend to the bud eye area, and the potato skin becomes locally depleted and depressed. Rotting can also occur if infested by bacteria. The cause is storage and transportation. Accumulation is too thick, and ventilation is poor. Anoxic breathing causes black heart and is a physiological disease.
Control methods
1. For black fungus black heart, when cutting potatoes before sowing, remove the diseased potato strictly and prevent the diseased potato from falling down; plant disease-resistant varieties, Kexin No.1, No.4, and Harvest White are more resistant to disease. The disease was discovered early in the field and was removed and destroyed.
2. For the physiological black heart, it is necessary to improve the storage and transportation conditions of the tubers, prevent over-thickness during storage, and select a cool, ventilated place. When bagging, avoid using gas-tight plastic bags and avoid prolonged exposure to strong light. According to experiments, black heart disease develops rapidly under conditions of high temperature and hypoxia. At 36°C, a black heart occurs in 3 days, and at 27°C to 30°C, a black heart occurs in 6 to 12 days. In addition, physiological black potato tubers are also not suitable for planting, because it will cause rot without sprouting.
In the storage period, the potato can produce another black heart, the symptoms appear inside the tuber, the appearance is asymptomatic. After cutting the tubers, the central part of the tubers became darker, some became black and hollow, and showed water loss, hardening and leatheriness, but it was not easy to rot and no smell. If the disease is severe, the black heart part can extend to the bud eye area, and the potato skin becomes locally depleted and depressed. Rotting can also occur if infested by bacteria. The cause is storage and transportation. Accumulation is too thick, and ventilation is poor. Anoxic breathing causes black heart and is a physiological disease.
Control methods
1. For black fungus black heart, when cutting potatoes before sowing, remove the diseased potato strictly and prevent the diseased potato from falling down; plant disease-resistant varieties, Kexin No.1, No.4, and Harvest White are more resistant to disease. The disease was discovered early in the field and was removed and destroyed.
2. For the physiological black heart, it is necessary to improve the storage and transportation conditions of the tubers, prevent over-thickness during storage, and select a cool, ventilated place. When bagging, avoid using gas-tight plastic bags and avoid prolonged exposure to strong light. According to experiments, black heart disease develops rapidly under conditions of high temperature and hypoxia. At 36°C, a black heart occurs in 3 days, and at 27°C to 30°C, a black heart occurs in 6 to 12 days. In addition, physiological black potato tubers are also not suitable for planting, because it will cause rot without sprouting.
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