Cowpea flowers and many pods, pruning fertilizer and water can not be neglected

As the temperature rises, the growth of cowpea is accelerated. After repeated topping and pruning, the cowpea plant grows vigorously, with many internodes, and enters the stage of flowering and pod setting. In the first crop of cowpea, the number of flowers blooming is large, and the nutrient needs are concentrated. The most important thing in this period is to make nutrient supplements to ensure normal flower bud differentiation, promote pod expansion, increase early yield, and prepare for the next flowering to avoid plants. Severe overdraft affects the differentiation of flower buds.

1. Pruning branches and leaves, improving ventilation and light transmission

When the planting density is high in the field, pruning and leaf picking is essential. Make sure that the plant leaves are staggered and stacked to improve ventilation and light transmission. If the inner part of the leaves sees less light, attention should be paid to appropriately thin the inner leaves, and the upper leaves should also be thinned appropriately. You can remove 1-2 leaves from each petiole to ensure that the plant sees more balanced light from the top and bottom. In this way, it is possible to ensure a balanced and sufficient nutrient supply from the top and bottom of the plant, and the cowpea can quickly form pods after blooming in each part, and avoid the problem of flower and pod falling.

2. Pay attention to supplementing fertilizer and promoting roots

During the flowering and pod-setting stage of cowpea, the nutrient demand is large. Reasonable top dressing can ensure adequate plant nutrition, promote fruit expansion and increase yield. Different from solanaceous fruits and melon vegetables, the nutrient requirements of legume vegetables are generally the most nitrogen fertilizer, followed by potassium and calcium fertilizers. When topdressing, pay attention to choosing balanced water-soluble fertilizers instead of high-potassium fertilizers, so as to avoid excessive potassium fertilizer, soy beans swell early, and affect the quality of cowpea. In addition, we must pay attention to the supplement of calcium fertilizer. In the past, vegetable farmers only paid attention to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and did not pay enough attention to calcium fertilizers. However, cowpea is more sensitive to calcium fertilizers. Calcium deficiency can easily lead to poor differentiation of cowpea flower buds. , The pods are short, the top is small, the grains are not full or even lack of grains, the problem is prominent, the yield is low, and the quality is poor.

Therefore, pay attention to choosing a balanced type of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer when top dressing, use 10-15 kg per mu, mix with 1 liter of Ishihara Taurus suspended calcium, and 30-50 kg of self-made biological fertilizer for Guiyuan No. 1 Topdressing during the pod setting period, nutrient fertilizers and biological bacteria fertilizers should be properly matched, and both are indispensable. Focus on supplementing nitrogen, potassium, and calcium fertilizers to balance nutrition, promote flowering and pod setting, and improve yield and quality. At the same time, with biological bacterial fertilizer, it can activate and improve the soil, inhibit the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria, enhance root activity, prevent disease and nourish roots, and ensure sufficient and lasting nutrient supply.

3. Reasonable top dressing

Plants in the flowering and pod stage have a large nutrient demand, and some of the trace elements can be supplemented by the leaf surface, which takes effect quickly, *********. Before the cowpea blooms, in order to ensure the quality of the flowering, you can spray Rongdimei monosilicic acid 1000 times, boron fertilizer 1000 times, molybdenum fertilizer 1500 times, and alginic acid 800 times in advance when buds are seen to supplement trace elements and improve plant nutrition. , Promote flower bud differentiation and improve flowering quality.

During the pod swelling period, in order to ensure the pod swelling and the differentiation of the second flower buds, it can be sprayed with suspended calcium 1000 times, boron fertilizer 1000 times, Bacillus subtilis 500 times, Trichoderma harzianum 500 times, and chitosan 500 times to supplement nutrition and increase The number of beneficial bacteria can improve the resistance of leaves, prevent diseases and avoid premature aging of leaves.

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