Cultivation Techniques of Chinese Medicinal Plant Salvia miltiorrhiza

Salvia miltiorrhiza, ginseng, red ginseng, red salvia, red root and so on. Taking root medicine, is a commonly used Chinese herbal medicine. There are blood circulation to silt, swelling and pain relief, nourishing and sedative function. Sichuan, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Anhui, Hubei, Guizhou and other provinces have cultivated. First, choose and prepare land. The cultivation of sandy soil with sunny, deep soil, and well-drained water is preferred. The soil is too viscous, aeration and poor drainage, often causing rot. Deep plowing after the previous autumn harvest. Before planting in the spring of the following year, the beak is 1.2 meters wide and 20 centimeters high. The sulcus is about 25 cm wide. During the site preparation, 1500-2000 kg of compost or manure per acre was used as base fertilizer. Second, the breeding method 1, seed breeding. The plants left in the field were harvested in batches after the seeds matured in June and then dried in the sun. The seed germination rate of Salvia miltiorrhiza is about 70%, and the germination rate of Chen seeds is very low and cannot be adopted. After the seeds are harvested, they must be sown in time, and in some places, sown in the fall of September. Southern areas, such as Zhejiang, are sown after the June seeds are harvested. Drilled or sowed, covered with thin soil after sowing, back cover grass or plastic film. Gradually remove the cover after the emergence of the seedlings, transplanting when the seedling height 6-10 cm, spacing 30 cm 20 cm. 2, rooted breeding. Most provinces and regions use this method. When digging, the digging will not be digging, and the digging and planting will be carried out in the next 2-3 months of the following year. The seedlings for seeding should be selected to be 0.7-1 cm in diameter. The robust rootless, disease-free and red-colored annual roots are preferred. . The selected roots were cut into sections of about 5 cm in length, planted at a row spacing of 30 cm and 25 cm, and covered with about 3 cm thick. Use 50 kg per mu. Third, field management. 1, weeding weeding. Usually weeding and weeding 3 times; the first time when returning green or seedling height about 6 cm; the second time in June; the third time in July and August. After the ridge closure, it is inconvenient to carry out cultivating and weeding again. Herbs are planted with herbicides disabled. 2, top dressing. Mainly based on base fertilizer, such as base fertilizer is insufficient, can be combined with cultivator weeding fertilizer. 3, irrigation and drainage. Watch out for flood prevention during the rainy season. The stagnant water affects the growth of Salvia miltiorrhiza, reduces yield, quality, and even kills roots. 4, pick flowers. In addition to the plants that are ready to harvest the seeds during the flowering period, the inflorescence must be removed in several stages in order to grow roots. Fourth, pest and disease control. Under normal circumstances, Salvia miltiorrhiza is less harmful. 1, leaf spot. A bacterial disease. There are near-circular or irregular dark-brown lesions on the leaves. In severe cases, the lesions expand and merge, causing the leaves to die. Initially issued in May, it continued until late autumn. Control methods: remove the diseased leaves at the base, improve the ventilation conditions, pay attention to drainage, clean the garden in winter, and treat stubble plants. 2, Sclerotinia disease. The basal, bud, and rhizome parts of the diseased plants gradually rotted and browned, and black sclerotia-like sclerotia and white mycelium were born inside the diseased part and the soil surface and the base of the stem, and the plants withered and died. Control methods: Strengthen field management, timely drainage and drainage; implement paddy-upland rotation. 3, root rot. May-November. The roots of the diseased plants were rotted and rotted first, and the outer layers were black; Control methods: crop rotation, not continuous cropping; selection of high-dry terrain, well-drained plots for planting, pay attention to drainage during the rainy season; choose robust disease-free seedlings; early onset with 50% thiophanate 800-1000 times watering. Root knot nematode disease. A number of nodular nodules are formed on the fibrous roots, and the plants are short-streaked and chlorotic, resulting from parasitism by root-knot nematodes. Control methods: establish a disease-free farmland, and implement quarantine to prevent diseased propagation materials from entering disease-free areas; crop rotation with grass crops, not replanting. V. Harvesting and processing. The active ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza are related to the harvest season, and are generally harvested after the beginning of winter in the early November of that year. Salvia miltiorrhiza seedling cultivation is harvested after the fall of the aerial part of the second year.

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