Essentials of Oversummer Tomato Management
Choose the right heat-resistant and virus-resistant varieties
Varieties should first have good heat resistance, and they can set fruit normally at a temperature of 30°C to 35°C. In addition to heat resistance, a very important point is disease resistance. In recent years, tomato TY virus disease has broken out, especially in over-summer tomatoes. There are many insects that transmit the virus and are easy to occur. Therefore, virus-affected areas should pay attention to selecting virus-resistant varieties.
Choose the right cultivation method
There is a serious misunderstanding in the cultivation of over-summer tomatoes, that is, most of them are planted with flat borders, which affects the absorption of water and inorganic nutrients by the root system, the plant growth is weak, and the fruit expansion speed is slow.
In view of this situation, it is recommended that vegetable farmers change flat-border planting to ridged planting. For those that have been cultivated on flat-border, it can be combined with soil cultivation to make the border into a ridge back. Generally, it is completed in 2 to 3 times to prevent excessive soil cultivation. Affect root growth and reduce absorption capacity. At the same time, pay attention to the way of mulching, use iron wire to prop up the mulch to increase the air flow on the soil surface, and separate the operation row from the irrigation row.
Reasonable dense planting
The planting density of summer tomatoes in arched sheds is generally low. Before planting summer tomatoes, vegetable farmers are recommended to level the land and plan the space in the shed reasonably to ensure that the planting is planted according to the reasonable row spacing. Generally, the plant spacing for single-stem pruning is about 35-40 cm, and the double-stem pruning can be 45-50 cm. At about 70-80 cm, improve the efficiency of land use and increase production.
Pay attention to the prevention and control of seedling virus disease
Weakness of plants in the seedling stage is the time when the plant has the weakest disease resistance, especially when the temperature of the greenhouse exceeds 35°C, the anti-TY gene resistance to virus will be inactivated to varying degrees, which will easily cause the symptoms of viral diseases. Therefore, from the beginning of sowing, we should do a good job in the prevention of viral diseases, and focus on prevention in the seedling stage.
To prevent viral diseases, we must first start with pest control and cut off the transmission route of viral diseases. For example, Bemisia tabaci is the main virus-transmitting insect of TY virus. Aphids can transmit various viruses such as potato mosaic virus and tobacco mosaic virus. In the shed, the pests such as Bemisia tabaci and aphids should be controlled well. Insect nets are installed at the air outlets to reduce the entry of poisonous insects into the shed. Yellow boards are hung in the shed to trap and kill. At the same time, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, etc. are regularly sprayed to control pests. After tomatoes are planted, chitin, matrine, mushroom proteins, etc. should be sprayed every 7-10 days to improve the plant's ability to resist viruses and reduce the occurrence of viral diseases.
Keep fruits at the right time and late to cultivate strong trees
In terms of fruit retention, it is recommended that the lower part of the plant should not retain too much fruit. If the stalk of the plant is relatively thin, it is recommended to remove the first spike flower, cultivate strong trees first, and then retain more fruits. There are three reasons for removing the first panicle: one is to keep the first panicle and it is easy to fall into the tree, which is not conducive to the high yield of tomatoes; second, because of the high temperature during the seedling period, the panicle often has poor differentiation of flower buds, and the fruit produced is also Most of them are deformed and have poor commercial properties; the third is to test the concentration of anthers in order to facilitate the later point of flowers, and remove them after the test.
If the plant is growing vigorously, 2 to 3 fruits can be reserved for the first panicle, 3 to 4 for the second panicle, 4 for the third panicle, and 4 to 5 fruits for the upward panicle. The first flower of each spike flower generally opens 1 to 2 days earlier than the other flowers. After the flower is clicked, it is easy to cause a concentrated nutrient supply to the fruit, which can easily lead to different sizes of fruit and affect the commodity rate of the fruit. The first flower of Spike should not be ordered.
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