Ginger "Double Membrane and a Net" High Yield Cultivation Technique

Ginger is a perennial herb that grows indefinitely under the right conditions. Due to the limitation of climatic conditions, the growing period of conventionally cultivated ginger is generally only about 165 days, which is the main reason why ginger production cannot be improved. In view of the fact that ginger has no obvious maturation period, to extend the growth period of ginger as a breakthrough point, high-yielding ginger is cultivated in “double membrane and mesh”, advanced mulching is adopted for early mulching, medium-term coverage of high and low shading nets, and post-arched shed protection The delayed technology has extended the growth period of ginger from 165 days of conventional cultivation to about 220 days, coupled with the adoption of scientific management, formula fertilization, and comprehensive prevention and control of ginger ailments and other ancillary measures, achieving remarkable results, with an average yield of 5835 kg per mu. Conventional cultivation increased production by 1,500 kilograms, and high-yield plots can reach 6,565 kilograms. At the same time, ginger quality and commercial quality have also been significantly improved. The main cultivation techniques are now described below. 1. For fine soil preparation, fertilization with soil fertility, easy irrigation, and no ginger plague should be selected for fertilization. On the basis of winter plowing, fine soil preparation should be carried out early in the spring so that the soil can reach Panasonic. Adding organic fertilizer, disease-free relics, cake fertilizer and plant ash in combination with application, combined with soil preparation per acre, quality decomposing chicken manure 3-4 cubic meters or 5000-10000 kilograms of high-quality ring fertilizer as base fertilizer. In the high-fertilizer plots, 60-65 centimeters of space is used for trenching and sowing, 100 kg of bean cake per mu, 50 kg of ternary compound fertilizer, 50 kg of potassium sulfate, 2 kg of zinc fertilizer, and 1 kg of boron fertilizer as seed fertilizer. 2, select ginger seeds, nurturing strong buds choose ginger block hypertrophy, plump, bright skin color, fresh meat does not shrink, not rot, not frozen, no pests and diseases of healthy ginger as a species, requiring each weight 70-100 Jin, strict elimination of ginger block thin and dry, brown and soft hair ginger, to ensure uniform buds. In addition, in the germination, first, control the germination time, grasp the germination on March 5-15; second is to control the germination temperature, control it at 22-25 °C, to prevent excessive temperature caused by ginger thin, thin, fine Long or too low temperature budding is slow, is not conducive to the formation of strong buds or affect timely sowing; Third, control the size of ginger buds, mastered in the bud length 1-1.5 cm, when the bud roots with root protrusion. If some have already seen roots, they must be sowed in batches. 3, early cultivation of plastic film, suitable for early sowing ginger intolerance frost, ginger seed germination above 16 °C. Early sowing, low soil temperature, frozen ginger sprouts can not germinate; sowing too late, the effective accumulated temperature is less, ginger block enlargement time is insufficient, relatively shortened the growth period of ginger, resulting in reduced yield. The implementation of double-mesh-grid cultivation, sowing time can be advanced to about mid-March. After sowing, watering, spraying of herbicides, and coating of 0.06 mm thick and 2.4 m wide mulch film should be conducted in time to increase the temperature and keep the soil. It can effectively improve the soil environment, promote the activity of microorganisms in the soil, and increase the activity of various enzymes. The decomposition and transformation of nutrients in the soil increases the effective nutrients in the plough layer. 4, chemical weeding ginger after sowing, pouring enough water, when the water seepage, the cover soil flat, and then spraying herbicides, herbicides can be used 33% of Shi Tian cream, 24% of Guoer EC or 40% ginger garlic Grass grams of EC, with 120 ml of water per mu 30-40 kg. All kinds of herbicides should be sprayed before seedling and before the weeds have been excavated. They should be treated as closed soil, and should not be allowed to move topsoil after spraying. Insufficient dosage or application of pesticides too late will affect the safety and efficacy of ginger. After the spraying, the film can be covered. In order not to burn the damaged film after the ginger buds have been excavated, a "concave" shape must be formed on the surface of the noodles so that the film does not come into direct contact with the soil. 5, rational close planting, establish a good population structure The yield of ginger consists of the number of plants per unit area and the weight of each plant roots and stems of two factors. Dealing with the relationship between groups and individuals to achieve a reasonable dense planting, can make ginger block large, high-yield, good merchandise. Therefore, increasing the plant spacing and reducing the number of plants not only promotes individual development, but also ensures population yield. Planting spacing 57 cm, spacing 20-30 cm, planting 5,000-6,000 per acre. 6, timely shade, to promote the growth of ginger up to 50% should be promptly shaded ginger field, promote vigorous growth of ginger seedlings. From the original banner-type shade net to a high shed shade net, the specific method: the use of cement pillars, bamboo rafts tied into a 2-meter high arch scaffolding, buckle the shade net, shading rate can reach 30% -40%. 7, to strengthen fertilizer and water management, rational formula fertilization topdressing implementation of "a small number of times" approach, light recovery to raise seedlings, in combination with watering in early June, per acre Shunshui flushing urea 25 kg heavy planting branch fertilizer, combined in late July Withdraw from the cover and apply 100-150 kg of bio-fertilizer, 50 kg of soybean cake (soy), 30 kg of potassium sulfate, and apply water immediately after topdressing. Supplementary autumn Miao Fei, in late September based on the growth of ginger seedlings, as appropriate, topdressing potash fertilizer or nitrogen fertilizer. In view of the undeveloped root system of ginger, poor water absorption capacity, and the fear of drought and aphid in the growth process, it is advisable to use small water in the early stage to prevent flooding. During the seedling stage, the relative humidity of the soil is kept between 65% and 80% to facilitate the rapid formation of ginger organs. 8、Comprehensive prevention and treatment of ginger borer first implement rotation for crops; Second, select disease-resistant varieties and disease-free ginger seeds; Third, water purification, net fertilizer; Fourth, timely treatment of diseased plants, when the field found diseased plants, timely Remove diseased plants and surrounding healthy strains within 0.5 meters, dig out the soil with bacteria, and apply lime in the hole, or use a chemical fertilizer to fill a hole; Fifth, chemical control, soaking with a fungicide before sowing, or when the three equity Fertilizers, ginger powder, ginger ginger, green tyrants, copper noble and other pharmaceutical rooting, 7-10 days pouring 1, even pouring 3-4 times, can effectively control the occurrence of ginger rickets. 9. Covering the arches in the later period, extending the growth period and increasing the yield The harvesting period of ginger is generally performed in late October and before the beginning of the first frost. In order to prolong the growth time of ginger and increase the yield and quality of ginger, the latter will be covered with plastic arches for protection. Ginger grows normally during a certain frosty period. To strengthen field management in the shed, timely ventilation and ventilation, maintain the shed temperature around 25 °C during the day, not less than 15 °C at night, use the temperature difference between day and night, promote nutrient accumulation, increase ginger production. Gingers protected by arch shelters can be delayed by 20 days compared to conventional plots so that they can be harvested in due course according to weather conditions in mid-November.

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