Goat scale farming techniques

I. Introduction of varieties The Jining Grey goats are native to more than 20 counties in Jining and Heze. Small size, male and female horns are horned, mixed with black and white fur, adult ram weight 30 kg, ewes 26 kg. The main products are raccoon skins, which are slaughtered one to two days after birth. They are characterized by natural colors and patterns. They are sleek and beautiful. They are the finest raw materials for furs and hat collars, and are famous products for the international market. . The lambing rate is 296.65%. Liaoning Cashmere goat is native to Liaodong Peninsula. Large physique, male and female horns have horns, body hair white. Adult rams produce an average of 540 grams of cashmere and 470 grams of ewes. The slaughter rate is 50% and the lamb production rate is 148%. Horsehead goats originated from Hubei, Fuyang, Enshi and Changde, Hunan, Xiangyang and Xiangxi. Large physique, male and female ewes without horns. Both ears were slightly drooping forward, and the chest was well developed with a rectangular body. The coat is mainly white. Adult rams weigh 44 kg and ewes 34 kg. Horsehead goat is a famous goat horn species in China. After grazing and feeding for two months after weaning, the grazing sheep can weigh up to 23.3 kg at 7 months and the slaughter rate is 52.3%. The slaughter rate of adult goats is about 60%, and the lambing rate is 200%. Laoshan dairy goat is native to Jiaodong Peninsula. The body is strong, the structure is well-balanced, and the forehead is wide. Most male and female rams have no horns. Some sheep have black spots on their ears, fleshy under the neck, deeper chest, straight back, full ribs, large belly does not hang down. The hindquarters and the breasts are well developed and the whole body is white. The average milk production of the first child was 557 kg, the average of the second and third child was 870 kg, and the milk fat percentage was 4%. Saanen goats are native to Switzerland and are famous dairy sheep breeds. Male and female sheep have no horns. Ears are erect, hairy white or light yellow. Body wide and deep, back long and straight, solid limbs, good breast development. Lactating period 8 months -10 months, the average annual milk production of 600 kg -1200 kg, milk fat rate of 3.8% -4%. Boer goats are native to South Africa. The coat is white, with a red head and a white hair band, allowing a certain amount of erythema. Ears are large and drooping, legs are short, body size is good, hindquarters are well developed and full, and muscles are numerous. The 3.5-month-old male lamb weights 22 kg-36 kg, and the mother lamb 19 kg-29 kg. Adult rams average 90 kilograms and ewe 65 kilograms to 75 kilograms. The mutton fat content is moderate and the carcass quality is good. Sheep with an average weight of 41 kilograms had a slaughter rate of 52.4%, and non-castrated rams reached 56.2%. The average weight of lambs is 15.6 kg. Boer goats have four seasons estrus, with a lambing rate of 150% to 190%. Individuals who choose to be prolific are combined with excellent breeders. The litter size per litter averages 2.25 or more, and the reproductive survival rate is 123% to 184%. Second, the introduction of preparations First, we must fully examine the local grass resources. If we are to buy grass sheep for the purpose of constructing a large-scale commercial sheep farm, we must lose money. In response to this situation, there are two ways to solve the problem of high straw prices. One is to plant high-yielding forages such as Rumex, Mexican corn, and imperial bamboo grass. . The second is to vigorously develop corn silage silage. 70% of the available silage corn silage price may not exceed 0.02 yuan/kg purchase price. Secondly, it is necessary to inspect the construction of farms and design a scientifically standardized sheep farm suitable for local conditions. Inspecting the sheep farms can contact the authoritative department and ask them to introduce the sheep farms that are suitable for the inspections. After they have their hearts in mind, the authorities are requested to send personnel to the site for planning and design, and must not blindly construct them in order to avoid losses. The general appropriate scale is 220 basic ewes, 1,000 sheep are slaughtered every year, covering an area of ​​about 15 mu. The rent per mu must not exceed 300 yuan. If there are old stables nearby that are available for lease, it is best to renovate them slightly. This will save investment but require strict disinfection. In principle, the cost per square meter of newly-built sheep houses must not exceed 180 yuan. Thirdly, after the sheep farm has been built and dried, before the introduction, according to the scale of the design, the amount of 3 pounds of hay or 8 pounds of grass per sheep per day is sufficient to provide enough forage and straw to buy the forage processing machinery and common veterinary drugs and equipment. Drugs, and then introduced. Fourth, before the introduction, we must master the system of sheep-raising knowledge and sheep-raising technology, and make technical preparations. Fifth, funding preparation. Under normal circumstances, it will take a year and a half after the construction and introduction of the first batch of sheep to be sold. Therefore, sufficient funds must be prepared, and reasonable allocations and reasonable use should be made. It is forbidden to invest in money, but money is introduced, but there is no money. Breeding leads to dismounting. Third, sheep house construction first, the basic requirements of the sheep house construction 1, the construction site. The sheep house must be constructed in a dry and well-drained place, close to the grazing land and water source, and properly laid out according to the distribution of the sheep. 2, the building area. The area of ​​sheep houses differs depending on the direction of sheep production, breed, sex, physiological condition, and local climate. The following parameters are for reference only. Rams 1.5-2 square meters/body; ewes 0.8-1 square meters/body, pregnant or nursing ewes: winter lambs producing 2-2.3 square meters/piece, spring lambs producing 1-1.2 square meters/piece; young Male ewes aged 0.5-0.6 square meters / only. 3, height. According to the type of sheep house and the number of sheep to be accommodated, the more sheep, the sheep house can be higher. The general height is 2.5 meters. 4, temperature and ventilation. Generally, the winter temperature of the sheep house is kept above 0°C, the temperature of the lamb house is not lower than 8°C, and the temperature of the house is 8°C-10°C. In order to keep the sheep house dry and fresh air, it must have good ventilation equipment. Second, the type of sheep house 1. Rectangular sheep house. This type of sheep house is more common and practical, and the construction is also convenient. The stadium can be divided into several small circles according to the needs of group feeding. The size of sheep house can be determined according to the size of the herd, the area occupied by each sheep, and the mode of utilization. 2, Sheds combined sheep house. This kind of sheep house is suitable for construction in warmer areas. The sheep normally live in sheep pens or walls on three sides, stay overnight in front of the open sheep shed, and enter sheepfold in winter or when lambs are raised. IV. Feeding skills First, in addition to the green feed and cereal feeds, excellent leguminous hay, raw eggs, and degreasing are required during the breeding period of 1 month to 1.5 months before the start of breeding and management of breeding rams. Milk and carrots. The consumption of rams' physical strength during breeding is very large and must be fully supplied with protein. Generally during the breeding period, coarse and juicy materials should be fed less, and more concentrates should be fed. Concentrates must be blended with a variety of feeds and must be crushed or rolled. In management, the rams must be grazing and feeding in separate groups. The sheep should not be too large. To strengthen the exercise, the sheep house should be kept clean, dry, and air-flowing. Second, the ewe's feeding and management ewes must be grazing on pastures with strong forage grass growth and excellent grass quality two weeks before the start of the breeding period. Otherwise, they should be supplemented with concentrate to promote normal estrus and increase ovulation. Number, increase conception rate and number of litters. Pre-pregnancy usually does not need feeding, such as feeding only when grazing can not be enough, you can make up for hay. During the last two months of ewes' pregnancy, the growth of the fetus has accelerated and the ewes themselves need to accumulate some nutrients for the lactation period. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the fine material. The feed of pregnant sheep requires no frost, no mildew, various species, rich nutrition, and easy to digest. Postpartum ewes are best fed with warm water. Add some salt and sprinkle some wheat bran to make it regain strength. Third, the lambs that raise lambs are required to eat enough colostrum within 1-3 days to protect the health of the lambs. When the lambs are not strong enough for the weak lambs or the newly born ewes, they must artificially supplement the milk. Within 1 week, the mother does not raise her husband in circles, after which she can go out and grazing. Before 8 weeks of age, the lambs are mainly breast-feeding, but generally lambs begin training for eating and eating on the 15th or 20th. The half-month-old lamb is replenished with 50-75 grams of mixture per day, January-February age of 100 grams, February-month age of 200 grams, and March-month of age of 250 grams. The mixture is made from crushed bean cakes, Mainly corn, peas, etc. It is best not to feed raw cottonseed cake. The hay is dominated by alfalfa, green grass, peanut pods, and sweet potatoes. The lamb must be weaned by the age of 4 months. On the one hand, in order to restore the body condition of the ewes, on the other hand, the lambs should be trained to live independently. The method of weaning uses more than one weaning method, that is, mothers are separated and no longer gregarious. After weaning, the ewes are removed and the lambs are kept in the original house to keep the lamb as much as possible. A small number of ewes' milk pay attention to crowd out some of them to prevent mastitis. After weaning, the animals were grazing by sex and supplemented with 200-250 g of the mixture each day. Fifth, the common disease prevention 1, grain acidosis. It is a kind of acidosis caused by sheep feeding or stealing too much grain feed. It usually develops within 4-6 hours after eating cereal feed. Acute indigestion, manifested as depressed, abdominal distension, hi lying, also see diarrhea, and soon died. It is necessary to strengthen feeding and management to prevent sheep from stealing food and controlling the amount of feed. Once it is found that the confiscated concentrate is used, gastric lavage can be performed with 5% sodium bicarbonate 1500 ml tube, or gastric lavage with lime water. Intensive rehydration can use 5% glucose saline 500-1000 ml, 10% camphor sulfonate 5 ml, mixed intravenously. Stomach diarrhea with rhubarb soda 15 tablets, orange peel 100 ml, paraffin oil 10 ml, mixed with water, 1 oral. 2, organic phosphorus poisoning. More often than not due to eating grazing foods contaminated with organophosphorus pesticides and onset. Treatment will die quickly if not promptly. Strict pesticide management, do not grazing at locations where organic phosphorous pesticides are sprayed. Treatment can be used pralidoxime, doses of 15-30 mg per kg body weight, dissolved in 100 ml of 5% glucose solution intravenously, or intramuscularly with atropine sulfate 10-30 mg. 3, intestinal tuberculosis. The diseased sheep is characterized by intractable diarrhea, weight loss, and anemia, gastroenteritis and edema. Each year in the spring and fall, one insect repellent is performed. 0.05 grams of trichlorfon per kilogram of body weight was mixed with 10% solution. Sulfuric acid diphenylamine, formalin, etc. can also be used. 4, tsutsugamushi disease. Those with minor infections showed no symptoms or occasional indigestion. Severe infection can also cause the death of diseased sheep. Lambs were initially digestive disorders, weight loss, frailty, anemia, edema, dysplasia, hair loss, bloating, and diarrhea. Later, the diseased sheep were weak, and some showed obstruction and death. At the end of the disease, the diseased sheep could not afford to lie down, head back, mouth foaming, unresponsive, and finally died. Prevention: The first deworming is carried out between 30 days and 35 days after the sheep is grazing, the second deworming is carried out 10-15 days later, and the adult sheep are dewormed 50 days after grazing. Sulfodidichlorophenol, flooding spirit, arsenic, and copper sulfate can all be used. 5, schistosomiasis. It is caused by parasitism of schistosomiasis parasitizing in the bile ducts of the liver. The diseased sheep are presented with acute and chronic hepatitis and cholangitis, which can lead to systemic poisoning and nutritional disorders. Lambs can cause death. Effective drugs include thiodichlorophenol, nitriclol, and carbon tetrachloride. Six, reproductive improvement 1, sheep breeding law (1) sexual maturity and initial age. The period of sexual maturity of the sheep is slightly different due to the variety and distribution area. The sexual maturity of goats is earlier than that of sheep. Some goat breeds in the south have a sexual maturity of about 3 months. Some northern goat breeds are about 6 months. The initial age of the sheep should be after the body matures, and the body weight reaches over 70% of the annual sheep, and the goat age is about 1.5 years old. (2) estrus and ovulation. After the sexual maturity of ewes, due to ovulation and secretion of hormones, a series of complex physiological changes occur, known as estrus, goat estrus can generally last 40 hours, estrus cycle average 20 days, ovulation time is generally in the late estrus, eggs 12 hours to 24 hours after discharge have fertilizing ability. (3) Fertilization and pregnancy. The combination of sperm and egg forms a fertilized egg. The formation of a fertilized egg means that the ewes are pregnant and called conception. The goat's gestation period is 150 days. (4) Seasoning season and time. The breeding season for sheep is generally between July of the current year and January of the following year, and August to September. The choice of breeding time should be based on whether the local conditions are conducive to the growth and development of the lamb. In the case of an annual lamb production, the lambing period is divided into three periods: winter, early spring, and late autumn. Winter lambs are mated in July-August and lambs are mated in early spring from September to December. 2, breeding methods (1) natural mating. That is, in the breeding season of the sheep, the male and female rams are grazing and allowed to freely mate. Using this method of breeding saves labor and does not require any equipment. If the proportion of males and females is appropriate (1:30-40), the fertility rate is also quite high. However, because the male and female ram are grazing, the rams chase the ewes to mate at any time, affecting the herd's food intake and consumption, and consuming the ram's energy; they cannot understand the kinship of future generations; they cannot perform effective seed selection; The expected date of the ewes. (2) Artificially assisted mating. In order to overcome the shortcomings of natural mating, artificial assisted mating method can be adopted, ie, male and female ewes are grazing in groups, and the ewes are tested every day during the mating season, and then the ewes are mated with the designated rams. Using this method of mating can accurately register the ear number and date of mating of the male and female sheep, thus accurately predicting the expected date of birth, saving the energy of the ram, and increasing the number of females assigned to the female lamb. It is also conducive to the selection and selection of goats. But ram utilization is low. 3. Varieties of the improved sheep were improved by crossbreeding. The purpose of mating two or more species of male and female rams is to exploit the advantages of hybridization to improve their production performance. Sheep farming in rural areas mostly adopts an economic hybrid approach, that is, the use of two breeds of hybrids to provide products without any use. A hybrid has a heterosis, so it has a strong vitality, rapid growth and development, and is mainly used to produce fat lamb in the production process of raising sheep. Heterosis can also be used in economic sheep farms to increase wool production. In order to increase the body weight of local native sheep and increase alertness to production performance, it is common to introduce exotic breeds (such as Boer goats) to cross the local ewes to obtain offspring that grow fast and adapt to local environmental conditions.

Pine Nut Oil Powder is microencapsulated Pine Nut Oil, could be absorbed easily by human body than lipid. it has all functions of pine nut oil, and much more benefit because of health additives. you can add this material to various food as supplements. currently we can produce 50% -70% oil load powder. hong song bao brand oil powder under international manufacturing standard and strict quality management system, also best service. manufacturing base near changbai moutain, every batch of our products shows you a friendly and forest feeling. 

Pine Nut Oil Powder

Pine Nut Oil Powder,Pine Nut Kernel Powder,Natural Pine Nut Oil Powder,Pine Nut Extract Powder

Jilin Painuo Biological Technology Co.,Ltd , http://www.painuo-biotech.com