Goose farming

1. Egg selection The quality of the eggs has a great influence on the hatching rate and the quality of the goslings. The quality of eggs should be fresh, and the shorter the preservation time, the better. Usually 1 week after childbirth is appropriate, with 3 to 5 days as the best. The size of the eggs should be appropriate, the egg shape is normal, and the eggs that are too long or too round should not be hatched, and too large or too small. The eggshell should be dense and even, the rough surface of the "salvage egg", the hard "steel egg" of the eggshell, and the "drum egg" where the eggshell is uneven and has a raised ring cannot be used for hatching. The shell surface of the egg should be clean, free of cracks and normal in color. In addition, eggs should come from normal, healthy and productive geese. 2. Preservation of Eggs (1) Temperature Because the fertilized egg has begun to develop during the egg formation process, the embryo develops temporarily outside the mother's body, and then develops under a certain external environment. When the ambient temperature is high, but as long as this temperature does not reach the proper temperature for embryonic development, the embryonic development is incomplete and unstable and can easily cause early embryonic death. When the ambient temperature is too low for too long (0°C), although the embryonic development may still be at rest, the viability of the embryos declines and they die. The optimum storage temperature is 13-16°C. (2) During the preservation of the wet eggs, the water in the eggs is continuously evaporated through the air holes, and the speed is inversely proportional to the relative humidity in the storage room. In order to minimize the evaporation of the water in the eggs, the indoor humidity must be increased, and it is generally preferable to keep 75% to 85%. . (3) Turning eggs must be performed during the egg storage period in order to prevent the egg yolk blasts from adhering to the hull membrane, resulting in early embryonic death. Within 1 week, it is not necessary to transfer eggs. For more than one week, it is best to transfer eggs one or two times a day. The so-called transfer of eggs, as long as you change the angle of the egg, do not have to fall from the top down. (4) Preservation time Within 2 weeks after the egg was preserved, the decrease in the hatching rate was small. The hatching rate dropped more than 2 weeks after storage, and the hatching rate dropped sharply after being stored for more than 3 weeks. It is advisable to keep the eggs in general within 7 days and do not exceed 2 weeks. If possible, the younger eggs hatch as early as possible. If you keep it for a long time, it will be difficult to obtain the desired results. This is because fresh and undamaged eggs have the bactericidal properties of the protein, but after long-term storage, the bactericidal properties will be drastically reduced; after long-term storage, the water in the egg will evaporate, causing the pH value in the egg to change, causing the embryo The degeneration of the aging and nutrients reduces the vitality of the embryo; it damages the embryo due to the propagation of bacteria on the eggshell surface. When transporting eggs, care should be taken to ensure that they are packaged so that they do not break. Transportation in winter should pay attention to insulation to prevent freezing. 3, egg disinfection (1) formaldehyde fumigation disinfection disinfection plant in the hatchery to disinfect, with every cubic meter of 42ml formalin and 21g of potassium permanganate, at a temperature of 20 ~ 24 °C, relative humidity of 75% ~ 80 Under the condition of more than %, fumigation for 20 minutes, the effect is very good, can kill 95% to 98.5% of the pathogen on the eggshell. If disinfected in an incubator, immediately after hatching, use formalin 28ml, potassium permanganate 14g, fumigation for 20 minutes. In China, disinfection is often used during hatching. Formalin 14ml/potassium permanganate 7g/m3 is used for fumigation for half an hour to 1 hour. In the actual operation, it is also possible to cover the egg tray with a plastic film for disinfection. This reduces the size and saves on usage. When fumigation with formaldehyde is used, the following points should be noted. When an egg is fumigated in an incubator, embryos of 1 to 4 days of age should be avoided. Because the above drugs have adverse effects on embryos of 1 to 4 days of embryonic age. 2 The chemical reaction between formalin (40%) and potassium permanganate is severe. Ceramic or glass containers should be used. Add a small amount of warm water, add potassium permanganate, and then add formalin. After the three eggs are removed from the egg bank or sent from the igloo to the hatchery disinfection room, if there is water droplets on the shells, the fumigation will be detrimental to the embryos and should be avoided. The method is to increase the temperature. After the water droplets evaporate, proceed. disinfection. (2) The benzalkonium disinfecting method is sprayed on the egg surface with a 1:1000 (5% stock solution + 50 times water) solution, or soaked in the solution at 40-45°C for 30 minutes. (3) Ultraviolet ray sterilizing method Use ultraviolet light, irradiate for 1 minute from the height of the egg 40cm, and then take 1 time on the back of the egg.

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