High-efficiency carrot interplanting late watermelon planting pattern
The use of interplanting technology can not only improve land utilization, but also increase yield per unit area and planting benefits. Have you heard of carrots and watermelons? The following small series introduces the technology of seed collection from the aspects of variety selection, sowing, field management, pest control and harvesting.
First, the plot selection
Because the late watermelon growth period is in the rainy season, it is necessary to choose the sandy loam or black soil block with high terrain, deep soil layer and good drainage and irrigation conditions for interplanting.
Second, soil preparation and fertilization
In the spring, combined with the ridge ridges for deep fertilization, generally 250 kg of diammonium phosphate, 50 kg of urea, 50 kg of potassium sulphate per hectare, and then ridge ridges, ridge width 65 cm.
Third, carrot cultivation technology
1, variety selection
Choose varieties with good quality, high yield and strong commodity, such as the new black field five-inch ginseng.
2, sowing
Sowing 3 ridges of carrots and emptying 1 ridge, reserved for planting watermelon. Carrot leaves have strong adaptability in the growing season, while the fleshy roots require a cool environment. The suitable temperature for cartilage root enlargement is 18-25 °C. Therefore, the sowing period should be as close as possible to the hot summer and autumn. The fleshy roots are in a cool autumn. The carrots in the morning market are generally sown in late May. Seeds that are planted too early will cause seedlings to be twitched through the vernalization stage. If the seeds are planted too late, the succulent roots will be in a high temperature period above 25 °C, resulting in the formation of a large number of deformed roots. quality. Carrots harvested in late autumn are usually sown from the end of July to the beginning of August. The sowing method is as follows: dig the soil on the ridge and spread the soil 2-3cm, which is not suitable for sowing.
3. Field management
After the seedlings are unearthed, the plough is ploughed before the shovel, that is, the shovel with the main purpose of deep pine is carried out before the weeding in the seedling stage. The first effect is to break the soil compaction and improve the soil permeability to improve the ground temperature. The second is to deepen the plough layer and promote the hair growth. The roots are strong seedlings; the third is to destroy some weeds, eggs and larvae by ploughing the soil. When the seedlings grow to 5-7cm high and time seedlings, seedlings, generally 30-40 strains per square meter of seedlings, should not be too dense or too thin. The skin color of the carrot with better quality should be consistent, and there should be no “green headâ€. The use of the stripping method is conducive to the cultivation of the green head during the expansion period of the fleshy root.
4, timely harvest
Carrots like low temperature growth, and premature harvesting will affect quality and taste.
Fourth, late watermelon cultivation techniques
1. Choose resistant varieties
Late watermelons are in a hot and rainy season, and are prone to blight and anthracnose, especially because of aphids. In addition, the temperature gradually decreased in the late growth stage, and the number of light hours decreased, which also affected the yield and quality of watermelon. Therefore, late watermelon cultivation must choose large fruit varieties with strong growth potential, good disease resistance and excellent quality, such as Jinghongbao, Qingnong 2 and Jufengbao.
2, suitable sowing
Preparation before sowing
3-4 days before sowing, excavate the seeding hole on the ridge, the plant spacing is 1m, then apply the mouth fertilizer, apply 125kg of diammonium phosphate per hectare. It is best to add the fully decomposed farmyard manure, cover the soil and cover the film after application, then The soil is pressed on the membrane surface corresponding to the seeding hole to prepare for sowing.
Sowing period
Sowing is usually carried out from the end of May to the beginning of June.
Seeding method
The membrane was punctured on the seeding hole where the mouth fertilizer was applied, and 2 seeds were sown, and 1 soybean was also sown in the middle to facilitate the emergence of the arch soil, and then covered with 2 cm thick fine soil.
3. Field management
Seedling management
After the seedlings are unearthed, in case of weather above 26 °C, it is necessary to pluck the eyes in time before 9:00 am, and the vents are facing the upper part of the seedlings. After 5-6 days, increase the membrane mouth, let the seedlings naturally grow out of the membrane, and then seal the membrane mouth. It should be noted that the wind can not be released before the cotyledons are open and green.
Cultivating and topdressing
In the group period, combined with cultivating, the first top dressing was carried out, and the squat was 25cm. The fertilizer was applied to the bottom of the ditch. 7kg of diammonium phosphate, 15kg of decomposed cake, 10kg of potassium sulphate and 5kg of urea were applied every 667m2, and then the ridge was leveled. The second top dressing is carried out when the watermelon grows to the size of the fist. A hole 10 cm deep is placed 15 cm from the root of the plant, and about 100 g of compound fertilizer is applied to each hole. The top dressing should be combined with irrigation to facilitate rapid dissolution of the fertilizer.
Pruning
The late watermelon adopts the method of four vines, that is, one main vine and three strong side vines are kept, and the other vines are all removed, and the melons are allowed to sit and grow. The best melon node is the third female flower of the main vine, and the melon can also be left at the second female flower of the side vine. The method of pressing vines is divided into two types: light and dark. The light pressure is to crush the vines with soil blocks and soil masses. The dark pressure is to bury the vines into the soil layer. When the vines grow vigorously, they should be buried deeper and tighter. When the growth is weak, use light pressure or compaction to make it lighter and looser. In the case of rainy weather, artificial pollination should be carried out to increase the rate of sitting.
4. Pest control
Late watermelon growth period is in the hot and rainy season, when pests and diseases occur, mainly aphids, viral diseases, blight, blight and anthracnose.
(1) Pest control
Aphids can be sprayed with 10% imidacloprid 2000-2500 times solution or 蚜螨克星2000 times solution spray. Note that the front and back sides of the leaves should be sprayed evenly, and sprayed twice for 7-10 days.
(2) Disease prevention
Fusarium wilt is treated with 50% chlorhexidine WP 1000-1200 times or 70% thiophanate 800 times solution, and the amount of per plant is 250g; virus virus A500 times or virus sweep Light 1500 times liquid spray control; disease, anthracnose with chlorothalonil 600 times solution, or 36% thiophanate-methyl suspension 500 times solution, or 80% anthrax Fame WP 800 times liquid spray control, even during the onset Spray 2 times at intervals of 7 days. Foliar fertilizer can be added at the same time as spraying, which can increase the disease resistance of the plant and increase the yield.
Fifth, timely harvest
According to the market sales price and weather conditions, timely harvest. In order to extend the shelf life, the watermelon can be sprayed with methyl thiophanate 500 times solution or carbendazim 500 times solution to prevent the bacteria from infecting and causing decay.
The above is a high-efficiency carrot cultivation technique for late watermelon cultivation, which is only applicable to the northern region. The content is for reference only. If you want to know more about agricultural technology, please pay attention to the Hui Nong School!
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