How to determine the use of heating equipment in winter
The heating device is a heating device that is installed to maintain the space for production in a suitable hot state. The heating method can directly put a heat-generating furnace in it, and can extract the air therein to heat and send it back. It can also install an object that maintains a relatively high temperature and releases heat to the space. Typical heating equipment consists of heat sources, heat medium pipes and heating radiators. These three basic components can sometimes be simplified, combined or omitted. For example, the heat source of the furnace heating and the heat radiator together do not need the heat medium circulation pipe. The author will briefly outline the scope of heating equipment for reference.
The traditional heating source is burning fuel or generating heat using electric heating elements. Burning fuel is a heat source that converts the chemical energy contained in various fuels into heat by burning. Solar energy is to allow the heat medium to flow through the sun's rays and heat the heat medium, such as a tube-plate solar water heater. Solar energy is almost inexhaustible, and it does not pollute the environment. The disadvantage is that it requires a large area of ​​sunlight to collect the heating energy needed for a house and the disparity in the amount of heat it receives from day to night. Solar collectors are expensive and occupy a large area. In order to guarantee cloudy and nighttime heating, large-capacity heat storage facilities or other supplementary heat sources must be built.
The heating equipment is divided into partial heating, central heating and district heating according to the scope of service.
Partial heating. The heating source is the heating equipment in the heated room. All kinds of stoves, electric stoves, electric heating equipment and infrared radiators belong to this category. Their advantage is that the cost is low, and the room's hot and cold can be adjusted by the user. The disadvantage is that in addition to electric heat, carbon monoxide poisoning and fire risk are greater, and the degree of indoor cleanliness is poor.
centralized heating. Many rooms heat radiators are heated by a single heat source. After being heated by the heat source, the heat medium flows through the heating pipeline to each radiator to release heat, and then returns to the heat source through the return pipeline to reheat. Thermal media in the pipeline only rely on thermal expansion, the density becomes smaller and is driven by buoyancy, called gravity flow type. The flow of the heat medium is mainly driven by a water pump or a fan, which is called a force flow type. The steam flowing from the heat source to the radiator is the pressure generated by the steam. The power of the condensed water flowing back to the heat source is either the height difference between the radiator and the heat source (gravity return water) or the condensate flow out of the heat release. The remaining steam pressure at the time of the device (remaining pressure backwater) is either returned by the return pump (mechanical backwater). The cross-sectional dimensions of the sections in the heat medium conduit are determined based on the resistance of the heat medium flowing through the section and the balance of the flow dynamics assigned to each section.
There are three types of centralized heating equipment: 1. Centralized hot air heating equipment. The hot air heat source is used for multiple large room heating. 2. Centralized hot water heating equipment. This is a centralized heating device using water as a heat medium. If the hot water only flows through a heating radiator and flows back to the heat source, the temperature of the water entering each radiator is basically the same. This type of equipment is called a double-pipe hot water heating system. If the hot water flows through several radiators in sequence before returning to the heat source, the water temperature of each radiator in the string of radiators is reduced one by one. Such a device is called a single-tube hot water heating system. The cost of a single-pipe system is low, but the radiator cannot individually regulate the heat release, and the radiator at the end of a string of radiators will require too much heat release area due to too low inlet water temperature. In order to complete the task of dispensing the heat medium and the return heat medium, various methods are used to combine the single tube type and the double tube type. Centralized hot water heating equipment is easy to change the temperature of hot water in accordance with the climate to maintain the same flow rate, use it for heating, the room temperature is relatively stable. The disadvantage is that the heating period cannot be interrupted for a long period of time. Otherwise, pipes and radiators will be frozen and cracked, and indoor furniture will be damaged when leaks occur in the room. 3. Centralized steam heating equipment. This is where the heat source heats the water into steam and sends the steam to the heating devices of the various radiators via the steam supply pipes. The steam releases heat of vaporization and condenses into water, which is then collected by the return water line and returned to the heat source for reheating. The dedicated pipes for steam supply and return water are called double pipe systems. For systems with small loads or individual pipe sections, return water can be used to return steam pipes, called single pipe systems or pipe sections. Single-pipe systems cost less, but the mutual interference of soda flows often produces huge impact noise, so they are less commonly used.
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