How to improve the sowing quality of rice buckwheat
Since late September, our province has encountered rare continuous rainy weather, especially along the Huaihe River and the Jianghuai area. The soil moisture in the field of rice and buckwheat is supersaturated, and most of the fields have serious water accumulation, which has caused rice harvesting and wheat planting to be blocked. . In order to effectively cope with the adverse effects of continuous continuous rain on rice buckwheat production, on October 27th, the Anhui wheat technology industry system and the Anhui agricultural machinery equipment application technology system opened an emergency technical seminar in Minjiang. On November 1st, the Provincial Agricultural Machinery Extension Station, the Provincial Agricultural Machinery Equipment Application Technology System, and the Provincial Wheat Technology Industry System jointly held a meeting in Yingshang County. The number of participants included relevant experts and stationmasters who had agricultural machinery promotion stations. They were all actively Pay attention to the rainy weather. Mr. Wang Chung, a senior agricultural teacher from the Shangshang County Agricultural Committee, made the following suggestions on how to improve the sowing quality of rice buckwheat:
Three tasks that should be done urgently
1, grab the row
Because of the continuous rainfall, the rice has not been harvested or the harvested field has accumulated serious water, and the seed has been planted but there is no emergence of mixed seed. Therefore, the first job is to grab the row and seize the intermittent interval. The time, the full organization of the machinery and labor to carry out the clearing ditch, especially to clear the field outside the ditch. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate the accumulated water in the field as soon as possible to ensure that the rain stops the field, so that the machinery can quickly go down to work as soon as possible, reduce the germination and mildew of the ear, and is conducive to the sowing of wheat.
2, grab
At present, there is still some part of the rice in the area that has not been harvested. Due to the rainy weather, the rice is lodging and the rice field has high humidity. These rice varieties with relatively short dormancy cause spike germination, and the long dormancy period also causes mildew. Therefore, the second part of the urgent task is to grab the harvest, the mechanical energy to the field, and immediately grab the harvest; the machinery can not go to the field, the lodging of the field should actively organize the masses to tie the rice into a target, to stand up, to reduce the humidity of its ear, Thereby reducing the possibility of ear germination. There are two points to note: First, we must do everything possible to rush to grab the harvest. We must strengthen the scheduling of agricultural machinery. We must only let the machinery and other fields, and we must not let Tian and other machinery, for the lodging and atomization of the fields, we must seize the time to manually collect and harvest. Just accept. The second is to use a crawler harvester for harvesting, because the wheeled harvester can easily push the field into a pit, which is not conducive to later planting, and is not conducive to later drainage.
3, rush to plant
Because the La Niña phenomenon will occur this year, the weather is relatively cold, so the winter season of wheat may be advanced, so it can be broadcast as soon as possible.
To improve the quality of seeding, we must adhere to three principles.
1. Do everything possible to rush to rush to breed, try to get the effective accumulated temperature in winter as much as possible, and try to achieve strong wintering.
2, adhere to the principle of rather than smashing, to avoid rotten farming. For the fields with clear water, it is necessary to drain the water first, then plant the wheat to avoid the mixed rot caused by the soaking of the wheat seeds in the water.
3, regardless of the choice of any sowing machine sowing, its sowing legs and sowing legs must be off the ground, can not be into the mud. Because the soil in the rice buckwheat area is very sticky, especially in the case of moisture, it is very easy to cause leg stagnation, resulting in lack of seedlings and ridges.
Four ways to collect rice and broadcast wheat
For the fields that have not been harvested from rice, it is necessary to open a new innovation ditch to the land in the early stage, and to eliminate the water accumulated in the field as soon as possible, so as to facilitate the harvesting of rice by machinery when the weather is fine, and it is also beneficial to the sowing of later wheat.
1. Adopting harvesting and growing wheat at the same time. First, you must use the Kubota 688 full-feed crawler harvester. Before it goes down to work, remove the ground cutter below it, and then add the seeding device in front of the 2B-6 harvester to the front of the machine. To refit the 4FH-83 type returning machine, the height of the stubble is about 20 cm, so that rice harvesting, wheat sowing and straw coverage can be solved at one time. After the soil has dried, after seeding, use a special flat plate roller for suppression, and half of the seeds are pressed into the mud. After the suppression, it is recommended to use the EKG-35 trencher to open the ditch. The choice of trencher should take into account the spacing between the bottom of the plow and the rotary tiller. The smaller the spacing, the more uniform the soil is thrown. This avoids the bauxite on both sides of the ditch, which causes the wheat to not be broadcast on both sides of the ditch. In the spacing of the trenches, different suitable widths should be determined according to different trenchers. If the trencher of the EKG-35 type is used, it is recommended to have a trench width of 2 meters to 2.5 meters.
2. For the fields that have not been harvested from rice, first use Kubota 588 or Ward 150 to feed the harvester to harvest rice. The height of the stubble is 10-15 cm, and the artificial ploughing is carried out to pull the grass out completely.
3, you can use the Kubota 688 or Ward 850 full-feed crawler harvester, and then replace it with 4FH-83 throwing and returning machine to harvest rice, the height of the stubble is 35-40 cm. After harvesting, use 2BMKOF-6/12 full-field winding no-tillage and fertilizing planter to complete multiple processes such as rotary tillage, straw mulching, fertilization, seeding, soil covering and cracking.
4. For the fields that have been harvested from rice, the whole field should be sown with a no-tillage and fertilizing planter, because its straight knife rotation will not cause the surface water content to be too large, resulting in no emergence of wheat. Because the model has been modified, it is also better in moist or sticky soil.
Agronomic measures
1, to make up for the night. Choose spring or half-spring spring varieties as much as possible.
2, to cover the night. After the field planted after mid-November, it is possible to adopt a large-scale cultivation method. The basic seedlings should not exceed 350,000/mu, and the south of the Huaihe River should not exceed 250,000/mu.
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