The edible value of radish and the cultivation technique of dried seeds

The aliases Luo Luo, Radish Tassel, etc. are native to China, and there are records about radish in the Book of Songs, which are the vegetables that people often eat. The folks have "October Radish Little Ginseng", "Eat radish in winter and ginger in summer, The saying of "Bao Kang all year round" shows the high value of its diet. There are many varieties of radishes, including red skin, white skin, and red heart.

1 nutrients

Calorie per 100g 16kCal, protein 0.5g, fat 0.2g, sugar 3.1g, dietary fiber 0.8g, carotene 0.02mg, folic acid 53μg, pantothenic acid 0.18mg, niacin 0.5mg, calcium 77mg, iron 0.3mg, phosphorus 25mg, Potassium 196mg, sodium 91.2mg, copper 0.03mg, magnesium 17mg, zinc 0.18mg, selenium 0.61μg, vitamin B10.02mg, vitamin B20.04mg, vitamin B60.07mg, vitamin C12mg, vitamin E0.92mg, vitamin K1μg, etc. Kinds of nutrients.

2 Food value

2.1 Food supplement effect

Traditional medicine believes that radish has the effects of reducing phlegm, lowering qi, widening, dissipating stagnation and detoxification, as well as curing food swelling, phlegm aphonia, hematemesis, dysentery, and migraine headache. Radish contains more cellulose and less calories, so it has a feeling of fullness after eating, which is very suitable for weight loss; the alcohol compounds contained in radish have antibacterial effect. Carrots eaten raw can relieve thirst, clear heat, eliminate pyrotechnic gas, help digestion and reduce phlegm and asthma; eat cooked radish and eat spleen.

2.2 How to eat

There are many ways to cook radish, which can be eaten raw, fried, boiled or pickled. Some nutrients in radish will be destroyed when the temperature exceeds 70 ℃, so it is suitable to eat raw.

2.3 Edibles

Most people can eat it. (1) Snake meat and radish should not be eaten together. (2) People who participate in the raw radish medicine are not suitable to eat together. (3) Carrots are tonic and radish main diarrhea. Now they should not be eaten together. If they are eaten together, they can be mixed with vinegar. (4) Oranges and radishes should not be eaten together. (5) Radish-induced cold, threatened miscarriage, simple goiter and other patients should not eat.

Radish is one of the main crops in Xiaoshan District. The annual planting (multi-planting) area is more than 800hm², of which nearly 667hm² is dried and accounted for more than 80%. Sun-dried seeds are actually "one size fits all" radishes, also known as "sun-dried" radishes. It is called "one size cut" because the meat's root length of this variety is similar to that of a farm kitchen knife, and it is named after cutting a vertical cut in half during processing. "One-size-fits-all" has the characteristics of strong meat, white skin color, low moisture content and thick skin, which are suitable for pickling. "One-size-fits-all" plant height 30-35cm, leaves from small and upright, single plant with leaves 12-15 leaves, length 18-32cm, width 7-8cm. Inverted lanceolate, greenish-green, with fine hair, The rim of the leaf is wavy, the fleshy root is short cylindrical, the lateral root is obvious, the skin color is all white, 13-17cm in length, 4-5cm in diameter, half is exposed on the soil surface, and the single weight is 100-150g. Hi cold, suitable for autumn and winter cultivation.

3 Cultivation techniques

3.1 Base selection and application of base fertilizer

Choose plots with fertile soil, good drainage, deep soil layers, sandy loam, and no cruciferous crops for 2 to 3 years. After the previous crops were harvested, the soil was thoroughly turned over, and 667m² of organic fertilizer 1500kg + high-concentration compound fertilizer 80kg.

3.2 Sowing in time

According to the local temperature conditions and the variety's temperature suitability, * the planting period is around September 10, * the "autumn equinox" must not be delayed. Sowing 667m² and sowing about 1500g, the seed quantity for seeding is relatively small, sowing about 1000g. After sowing, cover with thin soil and apply 100kg of ash per 667m². To facilitate the emergence of seeds, treading seeds (suppression) should be implemented. After sowing, use 100ml of Shitian water to spray weeding.

3.3 Seedling management

Timely seedlings, reasonable seedlings. The seedlings grow fast after being unearthed, and the seedlings should be grown in time, otherwise they will cause mutual crowding and shading, poor lighting, and the formation of weak and long seedlings. The seedlings in the morning and the seedlings in the evening can guarantee the full seedlings. Intermediate seedlings are generally divided into 2 times, which are carried out in 1 leaf 1 heart stage and 2 leaf 1 heart stage, between weakened, diseased, deformed seedlings and hybrid seedlings that do not have the characteristics of the original variety. The seedling distance is controlled at 10cm × 10cm.

3.4 Field management

3.4.1 Lightly apply fixed root fertilizer and reapply broken belly fat. The base fertilizer is the main, supplemented by top dressing, that is, the base fertilizer accounts for 2/3 of the total fertilization. The top dressing is applied separately before the radish grows, and the vegetable grower's experience is to "break the heart and chase the light. The first and second top dressing is the fixed root fertilizer, which is applied after the second seedling, and 30 kg of 30% mature manure is applied every 667m². "Broken belly" marks the end of the radish seedling stage and the beginning of the fleshy root expansion period. It is advisable to apply heavy fertilizer at this stage to make the leaves grow vigorously to supply nutrients needed for fleshy root hypertrophy. Generally, 10 days after breaking the belly, apply 8kg of compound fertilizer, which should be poured in the morning and evening. To the peak period of radish growth, apply potassium fertilizer such as plant ash, etc. again, and sprinkle it in the field after watering, about 100kg / 667m². 20 days before harvest, the fertilizer and water should be stopped to promote the radish tissue to enrich and improve the drying rate.

3.4.2 Water management. The radish needs enough water throughout the growing season. If the water is insufficient, the yield is low, the skin is thick, the meat is hard, the spicy taste is increased, and the bitter taste is produced. Water well before sowing. The soil moisture should be above 80% to ensure the emergence is fast and uniform. Seedlings have shallow root systems, few lateral roots, and are weak in drought resistance. Water should be watered in time of drought, but generally not watered or watered before breaking white to inhibit lateral root growth and promote straight roots to penetrate the soil layer. In rainy and rainy weather, trenches should be drained in time to reduce the groundwater level and prevent waterlogging.

3.4.3 Prevention of diseases and insects. The diseases of radish mainly include virus disease, downy mildew, soft rot and black rot. The prevention and control of these diseases should mainly strengthen field management, reduce the incidence conditions, and combine agricultural prevention and control with pesticide control at the early stage of the disease. Insect pests mainly include aphids, cabbage worms, cabbage borers and diamondback moths, which can be controlled by chemicals.

3.4.4 Harvest in time. "Sun-dried" radishes should be harvested in mid-to-late December. If they are harvested too late, the radishes will age or be damaged by freezing. They tend to produce hard and peeled strips during processing, reducing the quality of the finished product. Early harvest, high moisture content, and low drying rate.

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