How to solve the problem of grape size and size of Kyoho grape
Kyoho grape size is a technical headache for farmers in grape production, especially for farmers who are newly growing grapes. The occurrence of grain size in the Kyoho grape is mainly caused by a strong tree vigor. The reasons for the strong tree vigor are many, among which are mainly the frame type, load and fertilization. Only by adopting comprehensive measures such as reasonable frame type, reasonable control of load, and correct and reasonable fertilization, can the grape size and grain phenomenon be solved well, and the high yield of Kyoho grape can be guaranteed.
First, the main reasons for the phenomenon of grape size and size:
1, the frame type is not reasonable, such as the Kyoho grape with a short vertical shoots tied new shoots, often cause new shoots grow too busy, causing small particles;
2. The load of plants is irrational, and the fruit is not reluctant to go for a long time, which causes the output to be low for one year in one year, and the yield is low in small years. The tree vigor turns prosperous and difficult to control, causing particle size in the coming year or even consecutive years;
3, fertilizer and water management is irrational, single application of chemical fertilizers, ignoring the application of organic fertilizer, partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, neglect of the application of trace elements such as boron, zinc, iron, water supply before flowering is too large;
4, flowering shelf lush, large amount of branches, resulting in flowering plane ventilation and poor light, resulting in flowering abortion, fruit set rate is low, loose and scattered ears.
Second, the measures to control the size of grape grains in Jufeng:
1, choose the appropriate frame type: Kyoho grape is the species of moderate tree vigor and easy to seat fruit, tree vigor is not easy to set fruit, but also the formation of small particles, so when choosing the frame type should consider the impact of frame type on the tree vigor. In the north, it is better to adopt the pattern of a single dragon pole or a single pole, a short pole trimming, and only the trunk is tied. The new poles are allowed to grow on the parallel ground and are not tied, weakening the top edge of the new pole and making the new pole The growth tends to be the golden mean to benefit the fruit set, while the frame shape of the single dragon pole is also conducive to the under construction of the earth in the winter to reduce the use of labor. In the south, due to the rain, many use high-preserved rain Y-shaped racks, long-tip pruning, the main branch Shun. Bundling, conducive to more germination, new shoots tied horizontally to the vertical line, this type of frame and new shoots tie method, help to make the trend of new shoots tend to golden mean, and help set the fruit.
2, reasonable pruning: the principle of winter pruning is to remove Wang Wang (more than 1.2 centimeters) and weak branches (less than 0.6 centimeters), and then set aside the mediocre branches (0.8-1.0) according to the degree of density of branches and branches. cm). The time before flowering in summer should not be too early. It is advisable to spend 3 to 5 days before flowering. The two shoots should have a long, short, short stem, 6-8 leaves, and long branches. Branches) 8 to 10 leaves are suitable. Ears less than 10 cm in length are less or less than 20 cm. In the 3 to 4 days before flowering, the branches that are too strong will be twisted in the upper part of the ear, and bending or twisting will help the fruit set.
3, a reasonable adjustment of the load: more than 4 years old vineyards control the yield of about 2000-2500 kilograms per mu is appropriate, generally weak branches do not stay ear, mean tree branch leaves single ear fruit, branch branches and small scaffolding turn Zhuangzhi can leave double ear fruit, with fruit pressing branches.
4. Reasonable fertilization and watering: Kyoho grapes generally do not apply nitrogen fertilizer before flowering, and can apply water-solubilized root-promoting fertilizers, such as the real roots of dragon light companies. Immediately after the fruit set, the nitrogen fertilizer can be applied with the water, such as the dragon light company. Young fruit during the expansion period pay attention to the use of nitrogen and potassium balance fertilizer, pay attention to more supplemental potassium fertilizer and trace element fertilizer during the color change period to mature period. After harvesting fruit, pay attention to organic fertilizer applied to the ditch, increase the organic matter content of the soil, ensure the soil activity, be conducive to the healthy growth of the roots, and ensure a balanced and comprehensive supply of nutrients. Rational control of water before flowering is conducive to fruit set, generally about 10 days before flowering, pouring small water to ensure soil moisture and the vineyard's microclimate, which will help the grape blossoms and fruits. It is not easy to water too late and the amount of watering is not too large, otherwise it is not conducive to fruit set.
5. Root-cutting treatment: Kyoho grapevine, which has been produced for more than 4 years, can be treated by root-separation treatment to weaken the tree potential and promote fruit set. The root-removing method is generally used on southern Jufeng grapes. The method is to cut the surface roots with iron shovels before cutting in the winter, and the cutting roots cannot exceed 10 cm from the base of the plants. Otherwise, the effect cannot be achieved. After cutting off the roots, the growth in spring is slightly slow, and the leaves are yellow. After the fruit is set, it is necessary to strengthen the management of fertilizer and water, and quickly restore the tree vigor.
6, the use of two branch results: in the grain of soybean grain size, has clearly seen the size of the phenomenon, can be in the 5 to 6 leaves cut off the leaves, the use of two branches results, the time before June 20 It is appropriate to have a high rate of fruit set and a tidy ear, but the mature period is 7-10 days later.
7, the use of control type regulators: such as ethephon + more than long, PBO, etc., the specific amount of use should be based on tree vigor and may be.
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