How to treat "Umi" in corn? Prevention and cure method of corn smut
Corn smut is commonly known as “wumi†and is one of the main diseases in corn production. Once it is susceptible, it seriously affects corn yield. Therefore, in the face of corn smut, effective measures must be taken to prevent and control it. Let me introduce the symptoms and prevention methods of corn smut.
First, the symptoms
Corn smut mainly invades the ear and tassel, and the tassel is affected. Some or all of the flower is deformed, the base is swollen, and the black powder is contained. The ear is infected, the ear is short and thick, except for the eucalyptus leaves, all of which are destroyed by the pathogen. The appearance is like a healthy ear, but the inside is all black powder or a lot of scattered black silk, and the diseased plants are mostly dwarfed.
Second, the route of transmission
The smut of Maize smut is overwintered in thick soil, seed surface or manure, which has a certain cold tolerance. In the second year, when the corn seeds germinate, the spores of the germs also germinate and invade the corn sprouts. Then, as the growth point of the corn grows upward, the ear is invaded and the black ear is formed.
Third, prevention and treatment methods
1. Choose the disease-resistant variety according to local conditions.
2. Combine field weeding and regularly remove germs. The diseased plant can be cut off before the black powder is spread, and the field is buried deep.
3, the implementation of three years of rotation, can be rotated with crops such as soybeans, potatoes, etc., to reduce the number of bacteria in the soil, reduce the incidence.
4. The applied manure should be completely decomposed, thus reducing the probability of the bacteria spreading through the manure.
5, chemical control:
Use 50% carbendazim or 40% seed dressing double wettable powder, seed dressing at 0.5% by weight of the seed. Or use 25% of the rust-wetting agent to smear the seed by 0.24%. That is, for every 100 kg of seeds, 0.24 kg of medicine is used, 6 kg of water is added, and the mixture is wet for 4 hours.
The effect of triadimefon on corn smut is better than that of carbendazim and seed dressing. The general effect can reach 60~70%. However, it is necessary to pay attention to the depth of sowing, generally not more than 5 cm, and do not broadcast too early, otherwise it will delay the emergence of 2 to 3 days, and even reduce the emergence rate, especially when the early spring is low temperature and the soil moisture is high. Do not mix with phoxim, so as not to reduce the emergence rate. If you must use phoxim to control underground pests, you should first use phoxim to suffocate the seeds. After the seeds are dried, it is better to use rust.
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