In severe weather, cotton is prone to leaf blight
Red-leaf stem blight is a physiological disease on cotton, which occurs more heavily in local cotton areas in our province. It usually starts from the bud stage and shows the most serious disease. Severe weather is the main inducing factor of the disease, and production should pay attention to early prevention. Red leaf stem blight first began at the top of the main stem or shoot branches, from top to bottom, from the inside out. The leaves were dark green at the beginning and the leaves gradually turned from yellow to dark red. The leaves thickened and became brittle, shrinking and rewinding. In severe cases, the petiole lost water and shrank, the leaves wilted and drooped, and finally dried off; the roots were stunted and the main roots were short and fine. Less fibrous roots, dark brown, short plants. In the event of bloom, the leaves or bud bells fell off, the boll weight decreased, and the lint count decreased. Vascular bundles of diseased stems do not change color and can be distinguished from brown wilt. Under natural conditions, yellow leaves and red leaves may form, or they may be mixed. The same plant may also show different colors. Extensive farming, soil compaction, poor permeability of the cotton field, partial nitrogen fertilizer, soil organic matter content is low, especially in the lack of potassium field weight. Poor irrigation in the field, poor cotton root development, long-term drought after a sudden drop of rain or rain, long-term water will cause the disease, long-term rain will increase the harm. Plants grow too prosperous, fields are covered, early-stage bells grow early, and late-onset premature cotton fields are heavy. To control stem blight of cotton leaves, field management should be strengthened so that the plants grow robustly. (1) Improve the soil. Deep plowing, thickening of living soil layer; leveling the land, applying more organic fertilizer, improving soil structure, improving soil water storage capacity; timely cultivating, increase soil permeability. Early planting, fertilizer and water shortage of cotton fields, combined with pruning appropriate amount of early buds. Plastic film covering the cotton field to remove the film in time, and promote the development of the root system in the depth direction. The conditions in the cotton area should be reversed. Improve irrigation and drainage conditions in the cotton fields so that the drought can be poured and rakes can be discharged to ensure normal growth and development of the cotton plants. (2) Balanced fertilization. Apply enough base fertilizer, lightly apply Miao Fei, and reapply flower and bell fertilizer. In potassium-deficient cotton fields, potassium chloride (10 to 15 kg) and superphosphate (20 to 30 kg) can be added per acre. Perennial fertilizers, such as turfgrass, also have better preventive effects. The transgenic Bt cotton has a large demand for potash fertilizer, and it is necessary to re-apply potassium fertilizer or timely supplement potassium. Spraying humic acid foliar fertilizer at the early stage of disease can quickly supply fertilizer to improve soil oxygen supply status; or spraying 0.2% to 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, or 2% urea solution, 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and trace amount The mixed solution of elemental foliar fertilizer is mainly sprayed on the middle and upper leaves and sprayed for 2 to 3 times every 7 to 10 days. (3) Chemical regulation. Prosperous cotton fields, with 98% mephedrine soluble powder 2 to 3 grams per acre or 50% chlorhexidine water agent 8 to 12 ml, plus 50 kg of water spray.
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