Invasive disease and non-invasive disease control technology of American ginseng
Invasive diseases of ginseng American ginseng mainly refer to the damage caused by various pathogenic factors infecting American ginseng, such as blight, black spot, epidemic disease, squatting disease, etc. Non-invasive diseases mainly include freezing damage, sunburn, The lack of vegetarian diseases, etc., followed by Xiaobian said that Wendeng American ginseng invasive disease, non-invasive disease prevention and control technology, I hope to help everyone.
First, American ginseng infective diseases
1, blight
Symptoms: After the onset, the seedlings fall down, causing death in pieces. When the seeds are infected, they become rot and cannot germinate, which affects emergence.
Incidence time: 12-16 degrees is the peak period of the disease, usually occurs from early to late May, and stops when the temperature is high in July.
Control method: planting with good permeability of sandy loam, the planting density should be reasonable; use 50% carbendazim, dixon and other agents for soil disinfection; seed soaking with carbendazim 100 times solution for 20-30 minutes before sowing; Immediately after the onset of illness, the drug can be controlled with 50% carbendazim 100-200 times solution and 800 grams of 1000 times 1000 times.
2, black spot
Symptoms: The leaves are infested, most of which are characterized by the formation of nearly round or irregular water-immersed brown lesions between the tip of the leaf, the leaf margin and the leaves. It is easily broken after drying, and the spread of the lesion reaches the entire blade and even the petiole. The leaves are withered and shedding, and when the plants are severe, the plants are drooping and lodging, and the upper part of the diseased plants is withered and wilted, causing "falling straw".
Onset time: It usually starts in May-June, and the rainy season in July-August is the peak period of the disease, and it stops spreading in the middle and late September.
Control method: Before planting, soak the seeds with 50% carbendazim 300 times solution for 20-30 minutes, or soak with polytetracycline 200 times solution for 12 hours; use 12.5% ​​diniconazole wettable powder 2 at the beginning of the disease. 000 times liquid or black ash net 1 500 times liquid + mancozeb 600 times solution, propiconazole 1 500 times solution, Shigao 2 500~3000 times solution, etc.
3. American ginseng disease
Symptoms: In the early stage of the disease, the leaves or petioles are water-soaked dark green lesions, and the roots are susceptible to yellow-brown water-soaked, gradually expanding into wet and rotten roots. The decaying roots are often accompanied by bacteria intrusion and stench. .
Onset time: It usually begins in mid-June, and the onset of the disease is from July to August. Early blight usually occurs in mid-May.
Control method: The diseased plants are found to be removed in time, and the diseased points are disinfected with quicklime; 75% of chlorothalonil 1 000 times solution or Baoli'an 800~1 000 times liquid spray can be used for prevention before onset; 50% Anke is used at the beginning of the disease. 1 500 times liquid + mancozeb 600 times solution, metalaxyl 1 000 times solution + mancozeb 600 times solution, cymoxanil 1 000 times solution, etc. are used alternately to control the disease.
4, American ginseng is sick
1. Symptoms: The water-soaked dark spots on the base of the seedlings spread quickly, and finally the plants fell and died.
2, the onset time: generally in mid-May, in the case of low temperature, high humidity, poor soil ventilation and excessive plant density, the bacteria grow rapidly and the disease occurs seriously.
3. Prevention and treatment methods: The diseased plants were immediately removed and concentrated, and the ward was disinfected with 0.2% copper sulphate solution; sprayed with multi-antimycin 1000 times solution + carbendazim 2000 times solution; 800 times liquid, carbendazim 2 000 times liquid control.
5, American ginseng rust rot
Symptoms: After the roots are ill, the plants on the ground are short, the leaves turn yellow-brown or red-brown. After the roots and spores are sick, the roots are rotted. The light is still healthy after scraping off the decayed tissues. The heavy roots are all rotten and eventually withered. death.
Onset time: Generally, the disease begins in May, and the onset of the disease is from June to July.
Control methods: select disease-free, non-injured, healthy plants for seedlings; before planting, seedlings are immersed in carbendazim 300 times for 20-30 minutes.
6, American ginseng gray mold
Symptoms: Mainly infecting the aerial parts of stems, leaves and fruits of American ginseng. The affected parts produce nearly round brown lesions, which rot in severe cases, causing the plants to fall and die, but the roots are intact.
Control methods: find out the diseased plants and diseased leaves in time; remove ventilation in time, strengthen drainage, prevent excessive humidity in the shed; use the procymidone 1 000~1500 times solution and the mildew amine 800~1000 times solution in the early stage of the disease to prevent and control.
Second, non-invasive diseases of American ginseng
1, sunburn
Symptoms: When exposed to strong light, many yellow-white dots appear on the leaves, the leaves become brittle and then fall off, and the roots no longer grow, resulting in a decrease in yield.
Control method: pay attention to adjusting the light in summer and reduce the direct light; reduce the light on the two sides of the raft and before and after.
2, deficiency syndrome
Symptoms: When the nitrogen deficiency occurs, the plant is short and yellow; when the phosphorus is deficient, the plant grows slowly, the leaves are dark green, and there are irregular brown spots; the lack of potassium, zinc and magnesium can cause lobular disease or white leaf disease.
Control method: select suitable soil planting; combine fertilization and spraying to timely replenish the elements needed for growth.
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