Key technologies for prevention and control of major diseases and insect pests in pepper

The planting area of ​​pepper in our province has been relatively large in recent years, and it has developed into an important component of characteristic agriculture and “three high” agriculture in South China and one of the pillar industries of some cities and counties. However, due to continuous cropping every year, and the unreasonable control of water in some areas, the occurrence of serious pests and diseases in pepper production, resulting in reduced production or even lost income, seriously affecting the income of producers, dampening the production enthusiasm of pepper farmers. The prevention and control techniques of several pepper diseases and pests are introduced for reference. First, virus disease victims generally show four symptoms: mosaic, yellowing, necrosis and malformation. The veins of the mosaic-type diseased plants were slightly greenish, or they were thick and light green and white. The diseased plants had no obvious abnormalities, and the plants were dwarfed and did not cause fallen leaves. Yellowing diseased leaves turn yellow and fall leaves. Part of the necrotic diseased plants became brown and necrotic, manifested as streaked, apical, necrotic mottled or bad spots. Deformed diseased plants deformed, the leaves became linear or fern leaves, or the plants were short and the branches were mostly plexiform. Sometimes several symptoms appear on the same plant, causing defoliation, falling flowers, and falling fruit, which seriously affect the yield and quality of pepper. Its prevention and control methods are as follows: 1. Selection of disease-resistant varieties: general pepper is more resistant than sweet pepper, early-maturing varieties are more resistant than late-maturing varieties, and disease-resistant, high-yield and high-quality varieties suitable for local cultivation can be selected according to actual conditions. 2. Timely sowing, planting as soon as possible: timely sowing, cultivation of plant type strong seedlings and dwarf seedlings, or the use of protective facilities, early planting, early results, to enter the virus disease when the time, the pepper has flowers full of fruit, roots developed, plants Strong, strong disease resistance. 3. Immersion seed germination: Seeds were soaked with 10% phosphoric acid and three nanometers for 20 to 30 minutes, washed and germinated, and sprayed with 0.1% to 0.2% of zinc sulfate before and during flowering. 4. Strengthen cultivation management: implement rotation and intercropping. Apply basic fertilizers, diligently watering, and pay attention to water and fertilizer, especially during the harvest period. 5. Control of locusts: Selection of plots around the planting of tall stalked plants can prevent locusts from migrating to disease. Use silver-gray membranes or screens, or use ordinary agricultural film to coat silver-gray paint, and lay the surface around the surface to avoid embarrassment. The efficacy can be up to 70%. Using the characteristics of yellow locusts on yellow tendencies, 6 to 8 yellow lure plates were trapped and killed per mu. The drug can be treated with 20% chlorinated EC 3000 times, or 50% anti-inferior WP 4000 times, or Dimethoate 1000 to 1500 times, or 2.5% chlorinated 5000 times, or 50 times. % Malathion 1000 to 2000 times liquid spray. 6. Chemical control: After the onset, 20% virus A wettable powder 500 times solution, or virus K300-400 times solution, or 1.5% plant disease emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times solution, or NS-83 increasing agent 100 times solution can be used. Or copper ammonia mixture 400 times and 0.1% zinc sulfate mix spray control, spray every 7 to 10 days, and even spray 2 or 3 times. Second, epidemic diseases of pepper can occur throughout the growth period, and can easily cause devastating losses. During the seedling stage, the base of the stem is immersed in soft rot. The upper part is dark green and lodging. In the adult stage, the main stem, branches, fruits, leaves and petals are harmed. The bases and branches of the stem were damaged, and they were initially immersed in spots. They expanded and became dark brown, and they were often easily broken off from the diseased part. The diseased condition of the affected strains developed rapidly and the entire plant withered about 20 days after infection. Diseased fruit was irregular dark green water immersed lesions, soft rot, common white moldy material, slightly shrunken, after the gradual gray, and finally brown or black stale fruit. The roots became brown and decayed, and the plants wilted, but the vascular bundles did not change color. The losses caused by root rot, branches and rotten fruit are all serious. The disease is prone to occur in hot and humid conditions, especially after heavy rain or heavy rain in summer and autumn. Control methods: (1) Apply paddy-upland rotation to avoid continuous cropping with Solanaceae and Cucurbitaceae. (2) After soaking with 25% metalaxyl 1000 times for 2 hours, use disease-free new soil to raise seedlings to prevent seed carry. (3) The use of sorghum planting to avoid accumulation of water, pay attention to control the amount of water and the number of times. (4) After the colonization, 800-1000 times of copper oxychloride was used to shower the roots and spray the plants. (5) After the onset of illness, the use of Bacitracine, Lucasin, can be killed, and Rhizoctonia spp. 3. In the early stage of the disease, only the leaves of individual branches or the leaves of one branch exhibited wilting, and later spread to the whole plant. The leaves appear light green at first and then they turn brown and die. The appearance of diseased stems is not obvious. The xylem of the longitudinal stem is browned and the pith is rotted and hollow. After the moisturizing cross-section, milky white liquid overflows, which is different from blight. The disease is a soil-borne disease and is prone to occur under conditions of high temperature and humidity. Prevention methods: mainly prevention, such as the implementation of flood and dry rotation, deep sorghum planting, after planting with copper oxychloride 800 to 1000 times liquid shower roots and sprayed plants. At the beginning of the onset of spraying or spraying 200 international units of streptomycin sulfate, or with 77% to kill 500 times and streptomycin sulfate 4000 times alternately irrigated roots, 250 grams per plant, every 7 to 10 days, once every 2 ~ 3 times. Fourth, anthrax disease The disease damage leaves and fruit, even in the storage and transportation process can continue to harm. Pathogens are fungi, and they often overwinter in soil surface diseased plant residues or attached to seed, and are easily contagious during warm seasons, after rain, or when the soil moisture is high. After the leaves were damaged, they appeared as water-soaked lesions, which gradually expanded into brown, nearly round, and ringy. The diseased fruits appear brown oval to oblong lesions, depressions, concentric ring patterns, and often attached small black spots. When the disease is severe, it causes a large number of fallen leaves and the fruit rots. Control methods: (1) Drain water promptly after rain to avoid accumulation of water. (2) Choose a more ventilated place for planting. (3) Apply 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 800 times or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times or copper oxychloride 800 times in the initial stage of disease. 5. Locusts The worm sucks sap from the plants, yellowing the leaves, and affecting growth. The most important hazard is the spread of viral diseases. In addition to the above-mentioned drugs for the treatment of fleas, it is also possible to use 1500 times or to kill . Six, red spider, yellow tea, more than two insects are concentrated in the plant leaves, symptoms like virus disease, can be used grams or grams of special 1500 times liquid spray. Seventh, bollworm, tobacco insects commonly known as borers, more harm to the fruit, can choose Xingmianbao or 25% flumethrin 4000 times, 20% cypermethrin 3000 times, 2.5% enemy killed 4000 to 6000 times Liquid spray to kill.

The distinct features of our 2015 new crop China taro are as follows: 
1) Complete body, clean surface, white pulp, no worm-eaten and no stain and fleck. 
2) High nutritional value: Amylum, protein, vitamin, minerals and many other healthy nutrients. 

3) They can be the wonderful flavors for cooking and be helpful for keeping healthy. 

The Fresh Taro is the typical of leaf vegetables, taro leaves are rich in vitamins and minerals. They are a good
source of thiamin, riboflavin, iron, phosphorus, and zinc, and a very good source of vitamin B6, vitamin C, niacin, 

potassium, copper, and manganese. Taro corms are very high in starch, and are a good source of dietary fiber. 

Oxalic acid may be present in the corm and especially in the leaf, and these foods should be eaten with milk or other

foods rich in calcium in order to remove the oxalate in the digestive tract.
 
The small round variety is peeled and boiled, sold frozen, bagged in its own liquids, or canned. The plant is actually

 inedible when raw because of needle-shaped raphides(calcium oxalate) in the plant cells

Fresh Taro

Fresh Taro,Fresh Organic Taro,New Crop Taro,Taro Vegetable

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