Kiwi management anniversary calendar

Germination period (late February to early March)

Main farming

1. Top dressing; 2. Irrigation; 3. Prevention of frost damage; 4. Prevention of pests and diseases; 5. Arrangement of shelves and bundling

Operational points

● The top dressing is mainly compound fertilizer or special fertilizer for fruit trees. The young tree plants are applied with 0.2 to 0.3 kg, and the resulting tree plants are applied with 0.5 to 1 kg. They can be applied in strips, radial or whole gardens. Large amount.

● Fertilizers should be irrigated in a timely manner, and orchards without irrigation conditions should be protected by soil loosening and tree trays.

● To prevent freezing damage, spraying antifreeze, fumigation, and irrigation before budding can reduce freezing damage.

● Spray the whole garden with 3 ~ 5 Baumeduo Stone Sulfur Mixture once to clear the garden to eliminate overwintering diseases and insect pests. For ulcer disease spots, 25% propiconazole 200-300 times + 72% agricultural streptomycin 10 million units can be applied.

● Check the uprights and iron wires, evenly distribute the branches and vines and bind them.

Injury period (mid-late March)

Main farming

1. Pest and disease control; 2. Building a garden;

Operational points

● Fine spraying of insecticides on the ground: Root rot disease trees are treated with 25% propiconazole 3000 ~ 4000 times + sea elf biostimulant 200 ~ 300 times mixed liquid for irrigation and root control. In the early stage of traumatic examination, ulcer disease can be checked. For ill trees and diseased branches, Thiobacillus can be used 500 to 700 times, sprayed 1 or 2 times, with an interval of 7 to 10 days.

● Establish a garden: Dig a pit of 70 cm square according to the row spacing of 4 meters × 3 meters or 3 meters × 3 meters, and apply 30 ~ 40 kg of rotten organic fertilizer or 0.25 ~ 0.5 kg of kiwi special fertilizer in each hole, mix with soil, and plant it The roots of the seedlings are exposed to the ground for 5-10 cm and then watered. The roots are close to the ground. Pay attention to the shade in the hot season. The currently popularized varieties are mainly Hayward, Xu Xiang, etc., which can also be matched with Hongyang, etc. The ratio of male and female plants is 8: 1.

● High grafting: 5 to 8 grafted female branches need to be selected for the grafting tree during winter shearing, and the remaining branches are all cut off. High grafting from late March to mid-April, and grafting parts selected under the shelf 15-20 Northwest direction in centimeters. 1 to 3 year old female branches are connected with single buds abdominally, and mother branches over 4 years old are connected with single buds subcutaneously (to keep the grafted skin intact). When the grafts are thinner, tongue or split joints are used. Grafting seedlings were carried out at the same time.

Leafing period (first to mid-April)

Main farming

1. Remove sprouting; 2. Prevent pests; 3. Prevent frost damage

Operational points

● Remove the sprouts on the trunk and rootstock, wipe off the double buds and 3 buds, and leave only 1 healthy bud. Pay attention to wipe off the weak buds, overly dense buds and disease buds.

● Orchards with root-knot nematodes should be irrigated with 300% of 20% bupropion or 300 times of chlorpyrifos in time.

● Frost damage has occurred in some areas. One is spraying antifreeze. The other is to increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. The source and reservoir of phosphorus and potassium can be sprayed 500-800 times to enhance tree nutrition and stress resistance. The third is to irrigate the whole garden in early spring.

Tip period (late April to early May)

Main farming

1. Topdressing; 2. Summer shears; 3. Pest control; 4. Growing grass between rows; 5. Field management.

Operational points

● Spray 500 times of organic potassium fertilizer + source of potassium and potassium in accordance with the tree foliage to prevent frost and promote the development of flower buds. When the tree was weakened, 1 kg of urea was applied to each plant.

● When the new shoot grows to about 80 cm, remove the erect elongated young shoots depending on the growth, and leave 5 to 8 leaves topping the fruiting branch above the fruiting point; when the vegetative branch grows to 80 cm, the topping is processed, and the branches are evenly distributed. The rate is 30%, achieving high light efficiency.

● Spray a mixture of insecticide and bactericide before blooming. The pesticides used are Kung Fu, Lesbon, Matrine, BT (Bacillus thuringiensis) emulsion, formazan, shimmer, insect killer, etc. Bao, Nongkang 120, Dasheng, Antaisheng, Carbendazim, etc., there are 1 or 2 kinds of insecticides. To prevent leaf yellowing, irrigate the roots with a sea-elf biostimulant.

● In areas where conditions permit, weeding between the rows of orchards is recommended. The red and white clover are suitable for the grasses. Rape can also be used.

● Newly planted saplings have pillars to tie the new hair and tender branches to prevent wind break.

Flowering period (mid to late May)

Main farming

1. Pollination; 2. Fruit thinning; 3. Pruning; 4. Pest control

Operational points

● Pollination. In orchards with sufficient male plants, large flowers, and flowering encounters, male and female flowers are used for pollination. Orchards that do not meet the flowering period, the number of male plants are insufficient, and the climate during the flowering period must be artificially pollinated. Before the male flowers are scattered, collect sufficient pollen, and the pollen should be transmitted to the female stigma artificially or mechanically during the flowering period of the next day. 3 times.

● The fruit thinning is started about 7 days after flowering. The diseased fruit, deformed fruit, and edge fruit are removed. Only the central fruit is retained, and the high-quality fruit with a straight fruit shape is retained. The single fruit is left without double fruit. Each fruiting branch has 3 to 4 long fruiting branches, 2 to 3 medium fruiting branches, and 1 to 2 short fruiting branches. Strive to complete the results within a week.

● Thinning useless branches: thin branches grow to 80 cm topping; thinning is started 5 days after flowering to reduce useless branches on the shelf and keep the orchard airy and transparent. Tie the vines in time and adjust the branches evenly on the rack surface.

● It is forbidden to use pesticides during the flowering period and to artificially kill beetles and other pests. The fungicides can be selected from Yibao, Shigao, Dasheng, Nongkang 120, Antaisheng, etc. to prevent flower rot and gray mold.

Fruit expansion period (June to August)

Main farming

1. Summer scissors; 2. Bagging; 3. Disease and pest control; 4. Topdressing

Operational points

● From mid-May, weaker developmental branches have 2 to 3 leaves topping; long developmental branches have 7 to 9 leaves topping; long branches have 2 to 3 leaves topping; pay attention to the top 1 to 2 after topping in time. The shoots with new shoots are repeatedly topping and rejuvenating. Fruiting branches topping, remaining as fruiting branches of the coming year, topping from the 7th to 8th leaves of the fruit; those not remaining as fruiting branches, 1 to 2 leaves from the first fruit topping, the leaf-to-fruit ratio should be maintained At 6 ~ 8: 1.

● Fruit bagging: In early June, 45 ~ 50 days after flowering, spray the insecticide, fungicide + calcium fertilizer on the fruit and bag it. Select the fruit with a good and well-developed fruit on the surface, and the fruit on the drooping branch. And the second fruit can not be bagged. The fruit bag should be a wood pulp paper bag with a size of 12 × 16 cm and a vent hole at the bottom.

● During June to July, attention should be paid to the prevention and control of pests such as small-eared beetle, crickets, and spider mites. Kung Fu, BT emulsion, and Lesborne can be selected as the medicine. In orchards with root rot, timely and thinning of the fruits should be carried in a reasonable load. The roots can be irrigated with 200% to 300 times of 25% propiconazole + sea elf biostimulant, which can also promote root growth. From July to August, the whole garden is sprayed with a fungicide once to prevent ulcers, brown spots, etc., including Shigao, Xiansheng, and Nongkang 120.

● Topdressing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ternary compound fertilizer 0.5 ~ 0.6 kg / plant or diammonium 0.3 kg / plant + potassium chloride 0.5 kg / plant during fruit expansion period, spray or radiation application, mix with soil after application, Depth is about 30 cm. It can be sprayed with the sea elf biological stimulant foliar type 2 to 3 times, with an interval of 7 to 10 days.

● Prevention and treatment of yellowing disease: irrigate the roots with 200 ~ 300 times solution of sea elf biostimulant to prevent physiological yellowing.

● Pay attention to drainage during rainy or rainy season. When dry, cut green grass or grass to cover the tree tray. It can also increase the capacity of soil water conservation by increasing the application of organic fertilizer and soil porosity, timely irrigation, and preventing leaf wilting. Sunburned fruit is easy to burn, and it is covered with leaves or hay to prevent burning.

Maturity period (mid to late September)

Main farming

1. Summer shears; 2. Pest control; 3. Clean up the fruit bank; 4. Pick fruit

Operational points

● Dredging long branches, diseased and insect branches, thin branches and over-dense branches in a timely manner, open the light path, maintain ventilation and light, and improve the photosynthetic efficiency of the tree; continue to revitalize the growing branches and promote their maturity.

● After picking the fruit, the orchard is immediately sprayed with 500 ~ 700 times of thiabacillus copper and 500 ~ 800 times of the source and sink of phosphoric acid to prevent the invasion of ulcers, delay the senescence of leaves, and improve photosynthesis.

● Sterilize the storage. 100 cubic meters is fumigated with 1 ~ 1.5 kg of sulfur + sawdust or fully sprayed and disinfected with 0.5 potassium permanganate aqueous solution.

● Harvest at the right time. Early maturing varieties can be harvested with 7% soluble solids and 6.5% Qiuxiang. From late September to early October, Qinmei soluble solids are 7%, Hayward and Jinxiang are 6.5%. Harvestable. Handle with care when picking, and store in grades. Pre-cooled for 24 hours before entering the warehouse, the temperature gradually decreased. When the temperature of the warehouse dropped to 0 ~ 2 ℃, the pre-chilled fruit was put into the warehouse, and stacked according to the graded stack to keep the warehouse temperature consistent.

Deciduous period (late October to late November)

Main farming

1. Autumn shears; 2. Base fertilizer application in autumn; 3. Pest control; 4. Garden construction

Operational points

● Continue to thin out long branches, diseased and diseased branches, thin branches and over-dense branches, etc., and recapture 3 or 4 secondary shoots in time to improve the nutrient storage of fruit trees.

● Apply fertilizers in a timely manner according to tree vigor, age, yield, etc. Apply 3,000 to 5000 kg of organic fertilizer per acre, 80 to 100 kg of special fertilizer for fruit trees or 150 kg of compound fertilizer, and apply 20 kg of root-type application to sea elf biostimulants. It is advisable to enter. After application, it should be turned deeper by 20 ~ 30 cm.

● Deal with disease spots and remove cocoons (eg, egg masses from the spotted cicada, cocoons of the yellow moth, etc.).

● Pay attention to inspection and removal of rotten fruits, wounded fruits, diseased insects and insects when entering the warehouse. The temperature of the warehouse should be maintained at 0 ~ 1 ℃. Regular spot checks will be conducted in the future and problems will be dealt with in time.

● The seedlings can be planted until they are frozen. It should be built sooner rather than later.

Dormant period (late December to early February)

Main farming

1. Whitening; 2. Winter irrigation; 3. Winter pruning; 4. Sand scion scion; 5. Disease and pest control

Operational points

● Scrape the old and rough skin, and the trunk of the whole park is painted white. Whitening agent formula: 10 parts of water, 2 parts of quicklime, 0.5 parts of table salt, 1 part of solid stone sulfur mixture or 25 grams of sulfur powder.

● Master the winter irrigation in the whole garden when the day and night are frozen.

● Reshape and trim according to tree age and density to cultivate high-quality, high-yield and stable-yield trees. The multi-stem shelves were changed to single-stem shelves. Each plant cultivated two main vines in opposite directions in the row direction, and the main vines directly grew into fruiting branches. When pruning in winter, a robust developmental branch or fruiting branch is selected at an interval of 20-30 cm on the main vine, and the female branch is cut and cultivated at a full bud. Leave 1.5 to 1.8 fruiting branches per square meter (nutritive area), and thoroughly remove diseased and insect branches, weak branches, long branches, damaged branches, dry branches and fruiting branches.

● Scion is collected and stored in the sand. The scion is cut into 5 ~ 6 buds, a bundle of 10 branches, and buried in the cool wet sand. The humidity of the sand is held by the hand, loosened, and the most suitable is leaching without water. Shazang logistics inspection to prevent mold or drain.

● Clean up the cut branches, diseased branches and leaves, and inferior fruits, etc., and take them out of the garden for intensive burning or burial.

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