Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests during fruit tree dormancy

Fruit tree diseases and insects are more concentrated in the wintering sites in the dormant period, and the insect ages are the same, which is convenient for centralized eradication, and is the weakest period of the year. The fruit trees are all deciduous and have strong drug resistance. The spraying is easy to be even and thoughtful, which not only saves medicine but also has good effect.

1. Tillage and application of organic fertilizer

The depth of ploughing should not be shallower than 60 cm. In this way, it can effectively improve the soil structure, increase soil fertility, promote the growth and development of fruit trees, and enhance the ability to resist diseases and insects. Insects that overwinter in the soil are turned to the surface to freeze to death or sunburn, some are eaten by birds and natural enemies, and some are crushed to death by tillage tools, and can turn weeds, leaves, and diseased fruits and insects on the surface of the soil. Deep into the soil layer, it not only increases the source of fertilizer, but also reduces the breeding source of diseases and insects. In winter, the orchard applies more rotted organic fertilizer after ploughing, which is conducive to improving the soil, promoting root development, and improving disease and insect resistance. At the same time, we must pay attention to the renovation of irrigation and drainage facilities.

2. Trim, scrape, white

Reasonable pruning can make the orchard ventilated and transparent, the tree body can bear a reasonable burden, prevent the size of the year, and enhance the resistance to diseases and insects. When pruning, cut off the buds, branches, shoots, etc. of the insects, burn them deeply and bury them deeply. Protect the pruning wounds with Bordeaux mixture to reduce the invasion of bacteria and the breeding and hiding places of the insects. In winter, scrape off the stems, thick skins, diseased skin lesions of the stems, and burn them intensively, to eliminate the red spiders, heartworms, star caterpillars, armyworms, etc. that have overwintered in the cracks of the peels, as well as dry rot, rot disease, and rot All trunk diseases have better control effect.

3. Pharmacy prevention

In the later period of fruit tree dormancy, spraying the tree body with purple oil emulsion with 4% oil content once, and then spraying once again with 15 Baumedo sulphur mixture after 15 days can significantly reduce the occurrence base of fruit tree diseases and insect pests. For borer insects such as longicorn beetle, they can be diluted into 50-fold solution with pesticides to kill the holes.

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