Prevention and Control of Mushroom "Three Insects and One Disease"

The “three insects and one disease” that harms autumn mushrooms are: aphids, hoppers, mushroom mosquitoes, and harmful fungi. The characteristics and prevention methods of these pests and diseases are described below. First, the larvae damage symptoms in the process of bacteria, such as the discovery of mycelial bacteria, such as villous mycelium decreased, increased mycelial, mycelial surface to see a pink shiny spot, then the mushroom bed appears. When there are 3 to 5 aphids in the range seen by a magnifying glass, the control index is reached. After covering the soil, the aphid will move along with the soil surface as the mycelium grows toward the soil surface, and concentrates on the primordium and the base of the mushroom stalk to feed on the root. This often results in bald roots, sterile roots, and nutrients that cannot be transported and shrink to death. At the same time maggots spread pathogens and viruses, worms serious mushroom house, a variety of diseases are also more serious. Second, the symptoms of insect pests Collision hoppers are omnivorous insects, planting mushrooms in fields and greenhouses, more stalking insects. The common species are the gray-white angular hoppers and the tiny black-horned hoppers. The worms that eat the hyphae also take the mushrooms. They often cluster in the pleats or on the lids of the mushrooms, biting the mushrooms into holes, causing the mushrooms to shrink and die. In particular, the Black Point Collembola worms have a subtle body and a high density of insect populations, which can easily cause devastating disasters. Third, the mushroom mosquito damage symptoms fall gradually lower temperature, more suitable for mushroom mosquito and mushroom borer breeding, especially in the rich manure and fermentation is not complete culture materials, mushroom mosquito and mushroom a large number of larvae to eat hyphae. Reducing production, such as mushroom outbreaks, and overpopulation, can also cause devastating disasters. Fourth, the symptoms of detrimental sputum mold when the mushroom mycelium in the soil in the formation phase, the primordial differentiation phase and the fruiting body during the growth period can be infected by harmful Fusarium infestation. After the mushroom body was damaged, it was deformed. The mushroom stalk was enlarged, the mushroom cover became smaller, and white villous hyphae were attached. After that, brownish liquid or lesions were produced, and the yield and quality of the mushroom body suffered great losses. V. Integrated pest control In the middle and late stages of germination, when the density of insect population in the culture material reaches the prevention index, it is necessary to control the pesticide in time. The pesticide species used should be high-efficiency detoxification and harmless to the mycelium and mushroom body. The mushroom house is in good condition and has strong sealing property. It can be fumigated with aluminum phosphide and sealed for 3 hours (3.9 g) per cubic meter for 48 hours. Most mushroom or shed cultivation sites can only use pesticide spray control, mushroom net is a bio-pharmaceutical agent dedicated to edible fungi killing insects, with internal absorption and stomach toxicity, when the density of insect population is large, with 500 Double spray; Infestation occurs during the cover period and can be combined with re-application of mushroom water in the cover soil, and it is added to the water with 1000 times of mushroom worms in the net; the first time in the growing season of the mushroom is infestation and should be at the peak of the first tidal mushroom. Afterwards, use net insecticides against mushrooms. Before the use of mushrooms as the humidity of the plant to stop watering 1 to 2 days, so that the agents can be absorbed into the depth of the bed more quickly, to achieve a significant effect of insecticide. When mushroom beds are infected with mushrooms infected by Fusarium, watering should be stopped for 2 to 3 days, keep the bed dry, remove mushrooms and burn them in time, and after the tide mushroom has passed, spray 1000 times more mushrooms immediately. Bactericide, combined with replenishment, sprayed once every 3 days, and even sprayed 3 times, can effectively control the spread of germs in the soil layer, and at the same time pay attention to control air humidity and strengthen ventilation. In August, when the temperature is high, more pathogenic bacteria and bacteria are lurking in the mushroom bed. When there is a high temperature, disease and insect pests often break out. Simultaneously sprayed with the bactericide to achieve a two-pronged effect.

Goji Berry ( [Goji" means [happy") , also called wolfberry, has been used for thousands of years by herbalists in China to protect the liver, help eyesight, boost immune function, improve circulation, and promote longevity and overall well being. It has only recently gained popularity in the west, it has become so polar, in fact, the Time Magazine recently named the Goji berry as [super-fruit" of the year. A big reason why Goji berries have quickly become a favorite nutritional supplement is that its impressive list of ingredients. The Goji berry, also called the wolfberry, is a bright purplish red or purple red berry that comes from a shrub that is native to China. In Asia, goji berries have been eaten for generation in the hope of living longer.    

 

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