Seeding time and cultivation techniques of pumpkin in early spring greenhouse
First, sowing seedlings
Seeding seedlings in mid-February, put the seeds into 55X; warm water, stir while scalding, wait for 4-6 hours when the water temperature drops to 30 °C, lick the mucus on the seed coat, and wrap it in a damp cloth. Germinating at -35 ° C, after 36-48 hours, the shoot length of 0.5 cm can be sown. Prepare the seedbed before sowing, pour water, make a small square of (7-10) cm X (7-10) cm, and then place the seed flat in the square, the cover soil is 1-2 cm thick.
The seedlings can also be raised in a 72-well seedling tray, and the nutrient soil is sprayed with water before loading to make the water content reach 70%. The nutrient soil was placed 1 cm away from the cornice, and 1 seed of germinated seeds was seeded in each seedling cup, and 2 cm thick puffed vermiculite was overlaid. Then use the mulch to cover the seedling tray and seal the seedbed.
After sowing, keep the temperature of 25-3 (TC, night temperature 12-15 ° C. When about 20% of the buds start to top the soil, then sprinkle 0.6 cm thick fine tidal soil to protect the sputum. After emergence, the wind is cooled, during the day 20- 25C, about 10 °C at night. When 3 leaves and 1 heart, the whole plant is sprayed with 2,500 times dilution of ethephon, which promotes the early opening of the female flower of the melon seedling and the early death of the young melon.
Second, soil preparation and fertilization
5,000 tons of fermented organic fertilizer, 50 kilograms of compound fertilizer, 40 kilograms of potassium sulfate, deep tillage, and even soil. Wow wide ditch 1.3-1.4 meters, ditch width 0.35 meters, the face is turtle-shaped. 15 days before planting, the water was irrigated and the film was shed for 5 days before planting to increase the temperature inside the shed.
Third, timely planting
In mid-March, the selected seedlings were planted in large and medium sheds and covered with film for 15-20 days. One row is planted, and each seedling is planted on the edge of the ridge farther from the middle of the two ridges. The corresponding planting depth is about 3 cm from the ground. Select a sunny day to plant, according to the plant spacing of about 50 cm, open a hole on the raft, plant one plant per hole, watering after planting, after the water is infiltrated, sealed with moist fine soil. Then cover the mulch and break the holes to emerge. It is also possible to lay the film first, then use the blade cross to cut the film according to the row spacing, and dig the hole to plant. Finally seal the seedling point.
Fourth, field management
1 temperature management pumpkin shed within 2-3 days after closing the greenhouse to promote slow seedlings. After the seedlings are slowed down, the temperature in the shed is controlled at 25-30 °C during the day. When the temperature is higher than 32 °C, the top vent is closed, and the vent is closed below 26 °C; the night temperature is 12-15 °C, which cannot be lower than 10 °C. In case of severe rain and cold weather, temporary warming measures shall be taken. Small arch sheds shall be added in the greenhouse, and grass rafts shall be covered on the small arch shed at night so that the night temperature cannot be lower than 8 °C.
2 Fertilizer management When the young roots of the seedlings begin to grow, water is poured once. When the plant grows to 5 leaves and 1 heart, 15 kg of urea and 5 kg of potassium sulfate are applied per acre, and then water is poured. After pumping the vines, strictly control the fertilization and watering. Flowering and sitting in the melon period to control watering and prevent melon. When the plant enters the middle of growth, after the melon and the tender melon harvest, every 10 days or so, a decomposing into the manure water, or 1-2 compound fertilizers, 15-20 kg per mu.
3 After adjusting the whole plant, the slings were hung from the base of the pumpkin seedlings, and the slings and stems were entangled with the growth of the stems. Be careful not to let the “faucet†climb to the top of the shed at the same time. When the “faucet†grows close to the top of the shed, carry out the vines. Each time it falls 40 cm, the fallen stems should be evenly and regularly wound around the ground. Planting in the greenhouse should remove the side vines in time, and only keep 1-2 healthy side vines above the first melon. If you take the tender melon, you can leave 2-4 melons per plant, leaving 5-6 leaves in front of the last melon; if you pick old melon, you can leave 1-2 melons per plant.
4 Preservation and fruit preservation In order to improve the fruit setting rate, the flowering zucchini male flower and the newly opened pumpkin female flower can be collected for pollination, or 40 mg/kg sodium p-chlorophenoxyacetate should be sprayed on the morning of the pumpkin female flower. .
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