Summer Fruits Fruit Fruit Malformation
In the process of the growth of summer vegetables, many vegetable farmers encountered fruit deformities. Malformed vegetables are not good-looking, and some can be taste-changing, which greatly reduces the economic and food value of vegetables.
Malformation
Poor Flower Bud Differentiation During the flower bud differentiation period, environmental factors such as unsuitable temperature, insufficient water supply, and insufficient continuous light and rain are encountered, resulting in flower bud differentiation disorders, which are in a deformed state after the formation of flower buds, and the resulting fruit is also deformed. Or in the process of pollination and fertilization, the above unfavorable factors are encountered, which results in poor pollination and fertilization, and finally the formation of abnormal flowers or fruits. Such as cucumber melon.
Roots Injury or Dysplasia When the roots of the melon crop plants are stunted, nutrient uptake is inhibited, plant resistance is decreased, and the leaves are poorly grown. The photosynthetic products and the absorbed nutrients cannot be transported to the melon strips easily. Deformed and hollow.
Unreasonable use of fertilizer
The lack of calcium-boron fertilizer is a result of vegetables as long as the results of a large amount of calcium fertilizer, so if the lack of calcium and boron melon vegetables, it will cause melon hollow, taste bitter, cucumber will appear thin waist melon.
Excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer in the occurrence of multi-ventricular giant deformed fruit, usually due to excessive nitrogen fertilizer during the cultivation process, resulting in over-differentiation of flower buds, resulting in an increase in the number of ventricle.
Temperature and light conditions are not suitable. Especially in summer, the temperature is relatively high. In the event of a cloudy day, some crops that enter the flowering and fruit setting period under the shade net will suffer from a lack of light for a long time, resulting in the appearance of fruit and fruit coking and fruit deformities. In winter, the temperature is low, and if the crop suffers from low temperature barriers, abnormal fruit will appear.
Inappropriate use of plant growth regulators to achieve the effect of flower protection and fruit protection, excessive use of plant growth regulators such as 2,4~D or anti-dropping agents in the production of tomatoes, but excessive use of pesticides in the process of use, sowing time Improper selection, inappropriate temperature, repeated flowering and other factors, are easy to form abnormal fruit.
The major cause of malformed flowers and fruit is the virus disease. Tomatoes, zucchini, cucumbers, bitter gourd and other vegetables are more severely affected by viral diseases, and often cause a large number of abnormal flowers and fruit.
Precaution
Doing seedling management to ensure normal flower bud differentiation
Ensuring proper nursery conditions During the nursery period, controlling the proper nursery conditions is the key to preventing malformed fruit. The first is to cultivate age-appropriate seedlings. The second is to control the use of temperature and fertilizer after the seedlings are unearthed. During the production, the crops are prevented from being cultivated at low temperature and below the tolerance to low temperatures, and the seedlings of polynitrogen fertilizers.
Seedling Management Controls the temperature in the field according to the temperature requirements of different crops, preventing long-term exposure to low temperatures or high temperatures.
Control the use of nitrogen fertilizer to prevent excessive growth of nutrients, and pay attention to supplementing trace elements such as boron and calcium, apply organic water-soluble fertilizers, conserve roots, and cultivate robust plants.
Water properly to avoid drastic changes in the soil moisture. The root is the main organ that absorbs mineral nutrients, and the strength of the root absorption capacity also determines the supply capacity of nutrients.
Before flowering and fruit setting, a strong root system can meet the mineral elements needed for vegetative growth and reproductive growth. Once the absorption capacity of the root system is weakened and nutrient supply is a problem, it will inevitably affect the growth of the aboveground parts, and it will also turn immediately. Into the reproductive growth of plants caused serious effects.
Timely fruiting and fruit thinning, such as tomatoes, the number of normal buds is 5-7 pieces, and those with more than 9 pieces are deformed, should be promptly removed.
The earliest open flowers in each ear were eliminated from the combination of pods per panicle, and it was easy to form malformed fruits. After each panicle was flushed, the residual flowers and deformed fruits formed due to the pods were promptly removed.
Use Plant Growth Regulators Reasonably (Taking Tomatoes as an Example)
Correct and reasonable use of the growth regulator Amaranthus can effectively reduce the occurrence of tomato malformation.
The appropriate concentration should be selected according to the growth of the plants, the temperature during the flowering, and the reasonable ratio. Under normal circumstances, when the temperature is high, the concentration is low, and when the temperature is low, the concentration is appropriately high; when the plants grow vigorously, the concentration is appropriately high, and when the plants grow weak, the concentration is appropriately low.
To choose the right period and time period, the general choice is that the petals of the second and third flowers of the spike flower are completely open, and when they reach the flare, the point flower is appropriate, and the point flower is too early to form a stale fruit. Causes malformation or cracking. It is best to choose to start flowering on sunny days when there is no water droplets on the leaves.
Note that the flower can not be repeated, the liquid concentration will be too high after repetition, and it is easy to produce malformed fruit. Add a small amount of red pigment or ink as a mark in the configured liquid.
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