Animal anesthesia method and anesthetic dose
1. General anesthesia
(1) Inhalation method
Use a round glass plate and a bell jar or a closed glass box as a container for volatile anesthetics. Use diethyl ether as an anesthetic. Use a few cotton balls during anesthesia, pour the ether into it, quickly transfer it into a bell jar or box, let it evaporate, then put the animal to be anesthetized into an anesthesia about 4 to 6 minutes. Immediately after anesthesia, remove it. And prepare a small beaker of cotton balls with ether, and put it on the nose to make up the anesthetic when the animal's hemp ether becomes shallow. This method is most suitable for anesthesia for short-term operational experiments in large and small mice. Of course, it can also be used for larger animals, only requiring an anesthesia mask or a larger glass box. Because the ether has a very low ignition point, it is very easy to burn in case of fire, so be sure to stay away from the source of inflammation when using it.
(2) Abdominal and intravenous anesthesia
Both non-volatile and traditional Chinese medicine anesthetics can be used as anesthesia for abdominal and intravenous anesthesia. It is easy to operate and is one of the most commonly used methods in the laboratory. Abdominal anesthesia is mostly used for large mice and guinea pigs, and larger animals such as rabbits and dogs are often anesthetized by intravenous administration. Due to the length of action of each anesthetic and the difference in toxicity. Therefore, in the abdominal and intravenous anesthesia, the concentration of the drug and the amount of injection must be controlled.
Usage and dosage of commonly used anesthetics
(1) Pentobarbital: 2 to 4 hours in the middle plus 1/5 amount, can be maintained for more than 1 hour, strong anesthesia, easy to inhibit breathing.
1 dog, rabbit: intravenous injection, 30 mg / kg, 3%; intraperitoneal injection, 40 ~ 50mg / kg, 3%;
2 large, mouse, guinea pig: intraperitoneal injection, 40 ~ 50mg / kg, 2%;
(2) thiopental: 15 to 30 minutes, strong anesthesia, should be injected slowly.
1 large mouse: intraperitoneal injection, 40 mg / kg, 1%;
2 mice: intraperitoneal injection, 15 ~ 20mg / kg, 1%;
3 dogs, rabbits: intravenous injection, 15 ~ 20mg / kg, 2%;
(3) Chloroalose: 3 to 4 hours, the induction period is not obvious
1 rabbit: intravenous injection, 80 ~ 100mg / kg, 2%;
2 white rats: intraperitoneal injection, 50mg/kg, 2%;
(4) Ulatan: 2 to 4 hours, low toxicity, mainly for anesthesia of small animals.
1 rabbit: intravenous injection, 750 ~ 1000mg / kg, 30%;
2 large and small mice: subcutaneous or intramuscular injection, 800 ~ 1000mg / kg, 30%;
3 frog: lymphatic sac injection, 0.1ml/100g, 20~25%;
4蟾èœ: lymphatic sac injection, 1ml/100g, 10%.
2. Local anesthesia
(1) Local anesthesia of cats is generally applied with 0.5 to 1.0% procaine hydrochloride injection. 2% hydrochloric acid cocaine should be used for mucosal surface anesthesia.
(2) In the eyeball surgery, rabbits can inject 0.02% hydrochloric acid cocaine solution into the conjunctival sac, and anesthesia can occur in a few seconds.
(3) Local anesthesia of dogs was injected with 0.5 to 1% procaine hydrochloride. Eye and nose, throat surface anesthesia can be 2% hydrochloric acid cocaine.
3, anesthesia considerations
(1) Intravenous injection must be slow, while observing muscle tone, corneal reflex and reaction to skin pinching, and when these activities are significantly weakened or disappeared, the injection is stopped immediately. The concentration of the prepared liquid should be moderate, not too high, and the rabbit should be anesthetized too quickly; but it should not be too low to reduce the volume of the injection solution.
(2) Keep an eye on heat preservation during anesthesia. During anesthesia, the animal's thermoregulatory function is often inhibited, and the body temperature drops, which can affect the accuracy of the experiment. Insulation measures are often required at this time. The method of heat preservation is that the test table is equipped with a lamp, an electric lamp, a table lamp, and the like. No matter which method is used, the temperature should be determined according to the anus temperature of the animal. The normal body temperature of commonly used experimental animals: 38.6 ° C ± 1.0 ° C for cats, 38.4 ° C ± 1.0 ° C for rabbits, and 39.3 ° C ± 0.5 ° C for rats.
(3) For chronic experiments, in cold winters, the anesthetic should be heated to the animal's body temperature before injection.
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