Chinese scientists use genetic editing technology for the first time to achieve "lone male reproduction"
Yesterday, Chinese Academy of Sciences scholars used stem cell technology and gene editing technology to create a healthy mouse using the genes of two male mice to achieve "lone male reproduction."
There is a phenomenon of genomic imprinting in the genetic process of mammals. This refers to genes provided by fathers or mothers, some of which are “closed†and inactivated. Only genes from both parents can be combined to produce Complementary, let the offspring develop normally. Therefore, in the natural environment, mammals cannot reproduce on their own, just like some species in amphibians or reptiles.
In 2004, the Japanese team created two mice with female parents, which survived to adulthood and were able to reproduce normally. However, this technique is not perfect because only 10 of the 460 embryos created by "parthenogenetic reproduction" survive, and only one of the 10 embryos survives to adulthood. Therefore, the technology still has some defects, which is difficult to practically apply.
 Chinese scientists have found that haploid embryonic stem cells carry fewer "genomic imprints". In haploid embryonic stem cells from female mice, scientists used an advanced gene editing tool, the CRISPR-Cas9 system, to remove an additional three. The hardest hit by the “genomic imprintâ€. In this way, the genetic material in these stem cells can maintain good gene expression activity. Scientists used this method to create 210 embryos, 29 of which were born smoothly, many of which are adult and able to undergo normal reproduction.
Using this technology, scientists have removed as many as seven “genomic imprints†in haploid stem cells from male mice. Subsequently, they injected the genetic material with the sperm of another male mouse and injected it into an egg without a nucleus. Subsequently, this cell develops into an embryo in the body of a surrogate mouse, giving birth to new mice with only the genetic information of two fathers. Of the 477 embryos, only 12 were successfully born. Among them, 10 mice died 2 days after birth. The remaining 2 mice did not live to adulthood. Subsequent research found that even after experiencing so many genetic editing, some genes were not successfully expressed.
This groundbreaking study once again proves that "genomic imprinting" is the reason that hinders the solitary reproduction of mammals. Even large-scale genomic transformations cannot completely eliminate these imprints. This also points to the direction of the future of science.
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