Five principles for fertilizing vegetables
Implementing formula fertilization
According to the characteristics of fertilizer requirements of different vegetables and the status of soil fertilizer supply, the appropriate amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements and the corresponding fertilization techniques were determined. The maximum demand for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in greenhouses is divided into e.g. cucumbers 75-140 days after planting, tomatoes 30-52 days, sweet peppers 30-60 days. Although the amount of trace elements required by other vegetables is extremely small, it is indispensable. For the use of micro-fertilizer foliar sprays, good dosage standards should be used. Note that foliar vegetables should not be sprayed on the leaves to avoid increasing the nitrate content.
Strictly control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer application
Nitrogen fertilizer is an indispensable fertilizer in vegetable production, but it cannot be used excessively. To make vegetables meet national and international pollution-free standards, the nitrate content in vegetables must be reduced. To reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, it should be based on the amount of fertilizer required by different vegetables, generally 10-12 kilograms of pure nitrogen per acre is appropriate; nitrogen fertilizer should be deep, and with phosphorus, potash fertilizer application or application of ternary compound fertilizer, After application, it is necessary to cover the soil in time, and it is best to use the chemical fertilizer to infiltrate the canal or apply it under the drip irrigation under the membrane to reduce the loss, increase the utilization rate, and stop the top dressing 20 days before the harvest.
No application of nitrate nitrogen fertilizer
Ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, nitrophosphate, potassium nitrate, and nitrate-containing compound fertilizers can easily accumulate nitrate in vegetables after application. In addition, it is not suitable to apply chlorinated fertilizers such as potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, etc., chloride ions can reduce the starch and sugar content in vegetables, resulting in poor quality, reduced yield, and residual in the soil can cause decalcification of the soil, causing consolidation . Magnesium sulphate, ammonium sulfate and other fertilizers are applied to the soil and the sulfate ions that are decomposed are not easily absorbed by the vegetables and remain in the soil, thus impairing the growth of the vegetables. Ammonium bicarbonate is prohibited from being used because of the high volatility of ammonia, which can easily cause ammonia damage.
Ecological organic fertilizer application
The ecological organic fertilizer that is fermented and produced through the use of livestock manure will form a series of special fertilizers if targeted with different elements. The content of organic matter in ecological organic fertilizer can reach 45%, and it can also act as a nitrogen-fixing, phosphorus-solubilizing, and potassium-releasing agent for vegetables, and can also decompose residues of pesticides and chemical fertilizers. In the spring, summer and autumn, the fermentation can be matured in 5-6 days, and it takes 7-10 days in the winter to mature. Generally within 1-3 days, the temperature in the reactor rises to 80°C, which can kill E. coli and eggs and eliminate the smell of chicken manure. After the compost becomes loose and dry, covered with white hyphae, it can be issued in two days. Kind of mellow flavor.
Restricted use of hormones
Some vegetable farmers do not talk about the quality of vegetables. In order to pursue high-yield, early-maturing, and early-morning markets, gibberellins, ethephon, paclobutrazol, and other hormones are used to promote long-term ripening and ripening, which greatly reduces the quality of vegetables. People's long-term consumption is detrimental to their health.
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