Five strokes effective against citrus cracking
July-September of each year is the rapid expansion period of citrus fruit, and it is also the high incidence period of cracked fruit. It is understood that under natural circumstances, the incidence of fruit cracking is about 10%, and in severe cases, it can exceed 50%. However, this year's climatic conditions are relatively harsh. There were more rains in the previous period, and in the near future, the citrus has been in the "deep waters" for a long time, and the fruit cracking situation may be more.
Why does citrus crack fruit?
The occurrence of citrus cracking is mainly related to the three factors of excessive swell pressure, poor toughness and low peeling of the peel, which may be caused by a single factor or by multiple factors.
The swell of the peel is too large
1 The fruit is rapidly inflated. After a long drought, it suddenly drops heavy rain and heavy rain. Excessive water enters the pulp cells and causes the cells to swell. The skin is enlarged by the swell of the flesh and exceeds the tolerance of the peel to cause cracking.
2 Changes in the content of gibberellin and abscisic acid in the pulp and peel resulted in an uncoordinated growth rate of pulp and peel, and the swell pressure produced by the pulp on the peel increased, resulting in cracking. Therefore, spraying gibberellin can reduce the cracking, but when too much, the peel will be too thick.
Poor toughness
1 Different citrus varieties and varieties have different degrees of tightness, thickness of fruit peel and fruit shape, so the degree of fruit cracking is also different. Generally, the peel is thin, the texture is soft, and the peel plasticity is small, and cracking is easy to occur.
2 The fruit is deficient in calcium, boron, potassium and other nutrients, and the toughness of the peel is reduced, which causes cracking.
3 Invaded by pests and diseases, the fruit surface often forms hard skin, depression or trauma, which reduces the toughness of the peel and aggravates the cracked fruit.
Low peeling
1 The pre-fruit dysplasia, the lack of nutrients required, the number of pericarp cell division is small, causing the peel to become thinner and more susceptible to fruit cracking when the fruit expands.
2 In high temperature and dry weather, the tissue and cell growth of the peel are stopped or inhibited. In case of heavy rain or irrigation, the growth rate of the peel can not keep up with the growth rate of the flesh and cause cracking.
How does citrus crack the fruit?
Keep the soil moisture stable. Maintain a high and moderate moisture content in the soil without causing drastic changes in the citrus water supply. Usually, more application, deep application of organic fertilizer, deep soil change, combined with the application of bio-stimulants, strengthen soil improvement, improve soil fertility and water retention capacity. When it is dry, it will be drenched with small water to keep enough water. When it is dry, it will drain and drain in time. It will be cultivated by grass or covered with grass to reduce water loss and prevent evaporation of the ground, thus maintaining soil moisture.
Improve tree nutrition. Pay attention to the balance of nutrients when topdressing, do not apply nitrogen fertilizer, pay attention to the application of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and organic fertilizer. In the citrus fruiting period, calcium is added at the right time to enhance the tree's strength and the toughness of the skin.
Scientific use of growth regulators. After a long drought or a long drought, the gibberellin should be sprayed in time to keep the epidermal cells active, so that the growth of the peel and the flesh can be coordinated and the fruit crack can be reduced.
Strengthen cultivation management. Fruits with excessive density, weak growth, poor quality and deformed shape should be removed in time to avoid excessive consumption of nutrients in the tree and ensure sufficient nutrient for fruit development, which can significantly reduce the probability of fruit cracking. Pay attention to the 3-4 leaves on the fruit to avoid direct sunlight and cracking of the fruit.
For the cracked fruit, it can be kept on the tree and evaporated by the water in the gap to maintain the relative balance between soil moisture and tree water to avoid new cracking.
The roots can be rooted before heavy rain or flooding, which can reduce the water absorption capacity of the roots, maintain the water in the tree within a suitable range, and not increase the moisture content, and reduce the cracking. The probability of occurrence. However, it is necessary to pay attention to moderateness and avoid affecting the tree potential, so as not to be unfavorable for the normal development of the fruit and the rapid restoration of the tree after harvest.
Other measures
1 lime water spray fruit or fruit, crack and anti-burn.
2 After a long dry rainstorm, cut the water, reduce the amount of water supply, and prevent cracking.
3 After the fruit crack occurs, it is removed in time.
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