Sweet potato is a root crop with high yield, stable yield, wide adaptability, strong resistance to stress, rich nutrition, and wide range of uses. In adjusting the planting structure, it became a hot crop. How can we make sweet potatoes productive? (1) Balanced fertilization and ridging planting According to the test, to produce 1000kg potato chips, it is necessary to absorb 4-5kg of N, P2O5O is 3-4kg, and K2O is 7-8kg. Therefore, the application of full fertilizer is an important condition for the high yield of sweet potato. . Fertilization should be done quickly in the early stage, with early emergence of seedlings; stable mid-term fertilizer effect, strong but not prosperous; long-term fertilizer efficiency, plants do not premature aging. High-yielding fields should generally be over 4,000 kg of organic fertilizer applied in Mushi, 10 kg of urea, 20 kg of diammonium phosphate and 25 kg of potassium sulfate. The fertilization method should be suitable for ridges. The high-yield soil of sweet potato is characterized by loose structure, large voidage, good air permeability, sufficient oxygen supply, and water permeability. Combined with deep ridge cultivation, it can improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil. The ridging of the ground will not only help the drainage of the rainy season, but also the decomposition of organic matter, and it can make the heat absorption during the day fast, increase the temperature of the ground, heat dissipation at night, and large temperature difference between day and night, which is conducive to the growth of sweet potato and accumulation of nutrients in roots. When ridged, it is necessary to have a ridge-shaped obesity, narrow and narrow furrows, flat ridges, practical ridges, and no bullshit or hard-heartedness. The ridge distance is generally about 70cm. (ii) Early planting and selection of sweet potato roots at the appropriate time for vegetative propagation of vegetative bodies, no obvious maturation period, generally stop growing when the temperature is lower than 15°C, and the ground temperature drops to 16°C--18°C and the tuber stops expanding. Proper planting in early stage can extend the growth period and the formation of tuber roots can take advantage of the temperature conditions before the onset of the rainy season to allow the tuberous roots to expand rapidly. In the high temperature and rainy season, photosynthetic products formed by stems and leaves can be stored in the enlarged tuberous roots. Promotes the coordinated growth of the underground and the upper part. According to the meteorological data for many years, the time for planting the spring potato in our city was around May 1. The experiment showed that the colonization was planted on May 28th compared to May 10th, the tuberous expansion period was prolonged by 7d, the yield per mu was increased by about 10%, and the tuber was neat. The quality of fresh potatoes is high. In order to improve the survival rate of seedlings and early growth, seedlings should be selected from the first batch of strong seedlings planted in the seedbed. The first batch of stony stalks are thick, with vigorous leaves and well-developed root system. After the gallbladder is fully cultivated, the common seedlings are sun-dried in the seedbed for 3-5 days before planting, so that the leaves of the seedlings are dark green and the leaves become thicker. If the seedlings are cut off, there will be white urine outflow at the section. Colonization of this seedling has a high survival rate, rapid growth, and high yield. Do not use sorghum, blackrooted yam, or smashed yam. (3) Timely lifting of vines and topping to enter the rainy season. Sweet potato stems and leaves grow lushly, roots are easy to grow, and nutrients are dispersed, which is not conducive to the transport of photosynthetic products to roots. In order to prevent this phenomenon, the use of vines in the past has been used to reduce soil moisture, increase ground temperature and prevent rooting. According to experiments, sweet potato vines are both labor-intensive and production-reducing, mainly due to severe damage of stems and leaves after turning vines, breaking the best distribution of the light energy received by the leaves, reducing photosynthesis intensity by 30%, increasing breathing intensity by 19%, and reducing production by about 10%. . The production of vines was changed to vines to avoid damage to the stems and leaves, and not to damage the distribution of leaves, which is conducive to high yields. However, vines should not be excessive, usually 1-2 times, and the time ends before the end of August. Sweet potato topping, can control the length and growth of the main stem, promote lateral bud growth, and branch growth. The specific method is to remove the growth point of the main stem at the main stem length after sweet potato colonization and promote branching. When the branches grow to 12 knots, the branch growth points are removed. This can be a good way to coordinate the contradiction between the ground and the underground, which is conducive to the expansion of the roots. (4) Controlling suppression of hunger, fertilizer and water trickling over the excessive fertility of potato fields, especially if N is too much, often results in prolonged growth of stems and leaves, affecting the enlargement of tuberous roots and reducing yield. Practice has proved that spraying plant growth inhibitors such as paclobutrazol or dihydergine in potato fields can play a role in controlling the growth. It is usually sprayed for the first time before the onset of the rainy season in early July, and then sprayed once every 10-15 days and sprayed 3-4 times. Each mu with paclobutrazol 50-100g or dilute amine 7-15g, 50-75kg water evenly sprayed. When spraying, the dosage of medicinal drugs can be flexibly adopted according to the growth of stems and leaves, the size of rainfall, the characteristics of varieties, and soil fertility. Sweet potato is based on the application of basal fertilizer, top dressing with irrigation cracks and foliar spray fertilizer. Recovery of cracking fertilizer mu urea 4-5kg, superphosphate calcium leachate 10kg, potassium sulfate 3kg, 150-200kg of water dubbed nutrient solution, when the cracks generally begin in the field, on the cloudy day or sunny afternoon after the flooding Requires uniform application. Foliar spray fertilizer according to the growth of the plant, the growth of weak signs of premature aging to spray N-based, with P, K fertilizer, with 100kg water 0.5kg urea, 0.2kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate, stirring spray. The main spraying P and K fertilizers that are growing prosperously can spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution. In late August, mu can be used as a sweet potato expansion agent. After adding 20 kg of water to dissolving and filtering, the leaves of plants are evenly sprayed and sprayed twice, each time at an interval of about 10 days. In case of autumn drought, timely irrigation can prevent premature aging, prolong the functional period of the leaves, and increase the root swelling rate. Generally pouring water in early September, the leaf area coefficient is 0.6 times higher than that of watering, and the yield increase is 24.2%. Sweet potato Xifeng wolfberry, irrigation volume should not be too large, about 40m3 per mu. Do not step on the potato ridge after irrigation, so as not to affect soil permeability.
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Temperature: moderate temperature can avoid the chance of fruit tree encountering disease. The average temperature in ningxia is 8.4 degrees Celsius, which has an important influence on the growth, development, yield and quality of apple. The piedmont apple is thriving in such a good environment.
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Temperature difference factors: ambassador apple nighttime respiration weak temperature gap between day and night, consume less organic matter, the accumulation of organic matter during the day more, that apple store down a large number of glucose sugar candy, etc have better taste. The average diurnal temperature difference between apple and apple is 14 degrees centigrade, and the larger diurnal temperature difference ensures the sweet and delicious characteristics of the apple.
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