Management Techniques of Vegetable Cultivation and Management in Greenhouses
The core message: As the temperature gradually rises, greenhouse vegetables into the transplanting period, in order to ensure the normal growth of vegetables, the following greenhouse vegetable cultivation techniques should be taken
1, spring greenhouse vegetable management
As the temperature gradually rises, greenhouse vegetables are transplanted. To ensure the normal growth of vegetables, the following greenhouse vegetable cultivation techniques should be adopted:
(1) Insulation and antifreeze.
There are two causes of cold damage and cold injury in early spring: First, the vigorous growth of plants, coupled with the increase of water and fertilizer in human management, significantly reduce the cold resistance of plants. After the beginning of spring, there is still a large cold current, which causes cold and cold damage to the eggplant vegetables in the greenhouse. To this end, we must continue to do a good job of preventing freezing and freezing. Solanaceous vegetables already have a large amount of growth and must be covered in two membranes in a greenhouse. The melons are more susceptible to freezing than the solanaceous fruits. In addition to the use of two-film covering, the rice straw bundles can be stacked around the skirt film outside the greenhouse to enhance the penetration of cold air around the greenhouse; the melon seedlings still in the nursery stage, at night Sunshade nets, straw curtains or non-woven fabrics can be covered in small arches to enhance the heat preservation capacity; in the event of strong cold air coming, measures must be taken to prevent freezing and heat preservation.
(2) regulate the temperature and humidity of the greenhouse, strengthen ventilation
Planting period should be closed 3-5 days to increase the temperature inside the greenhouse. From survival to the result period, the temperature in the shed should be controlled according to the optimum temperature of different crops. When the temperature in greenhouses reaches 20°C in tomato, 23°C in pepper and 25°C in tomato, the ventilation can be started gradually during the sunny morning, and the ventilation volume is gradually increased so that the shelf temperature can be maintained within the proper temperature range as much as possible. When the above temperature is reached, close the greenhouse to stop ventilation. The purpose of ventilation is to exclude high humidity and harmful gases in the shed, exchange fresh air, and cool down when the temperature is too high. After spraying, right and wrong, after watering, special attention should be paid to strengthening ventilation management and reducing the air humidity in the shed so as to avoid excessive humidity in the greenhouse. When the temperature outside the shed is stable above 20°C (around the beginning of May).
(3) Do a good job of flower protection and fruit preservation. Low temperatures will affect the fertilization results of more varieties of vegetables, and they are prone to falling. At present, the method of improving fruiting is to apply a plant growth regulator to the ovary or to apply the plant growth regulator in accordance with the instructions, so as to prevent the concentration from being too high and the phytotoxicity to occur. The second is artificially assisted pollination.
(4) Strengthen pest control
Based on agronomic measures, promote planting two types of disease resistance, close planting, formula fertilization, regulate the temperature in the greenhouse, promptly reduce humidity, remove diseased plants in time or remove diseased leaves, etc., supplemented by chemical control, and use high efficiency and low toxicity. Low residue pesticides, promote the use of aerosols to ensure pollution-free production.
2, spring greenhouse vegetable seedlings
Melon seeds are sowed in electrothermal hotbeds before and after the beginning of spring. They are selected for early maturation, high yield, small development, short internodes, suitable for dense scaffolding, early emergence of female flowers, easy fruit setting, low temperature and low light resistance, moisture resistance, and resistance. Excellent varieties with strong disease characteristics.
3, greenhouse fruit and vegetable colonization
(1) Solanum fruit. As early as tomato cultivation, can be planted after the beginning of spring.
(2) melons. After Yu Lichun, they were planted in small plastic sheds or covered with plastic sheds in small sheds.
4, open vegetable cultivation and management
(1) Mainly do a good job of fertilization, drainage after rain, peas and other work. Mature vegetables are harvested in time.
(2) For the cultivation and cultivation of cruciferous vegetables (such as Chinese cabbage, vegetables, and radish, etc.), topdressing and field miscellaneous work must be done to ensure seed purity and quality.
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