Pasture feeding technology
1. The legume harvesting period used for fresh feeding at the time of harvest is slightly earlier, and it is generally appropriate to cut it from the early bud stage to the budding stage and harvest it 3 to 4 times a year. Sudangrass and its hybrids and forage sorghum should start harvesting at the earliest stage or earlier, and the final harvesting period should not exceed the late stage of heading and harvest 1 to 3 times per year. The wolfberry fruit should start cutting at the booting stage. The last growing period should not exceed the milk ripening period and harvest 2 to 3 times a year.
2. Feeding methods Grasses that are harvested in due course are directly put into livestock houses for feeding after they are air-dried. This feeding method is unscientific. Although it is easy to use, it is a waste of waste. In the production, the freshly harvested fresh grass is usually fed with sheep after proper processing. There are two main processing methods: One is to cut the short and then feed the sheep, and the length is 2 to 3 cm. The second is to grind the grass. For gramineous forage grasses with high crude fiber content, such as sorghum and Sorghum bicolor, the crude fiber digestibility was improved, the palatability was increased, and the utilization rate of roughage was increased. It is appropriate to feed 10 kg of sheep and 8-9 kg of goats each day. Feeding ratio of legumes accounted for 30 to 40% of the total, forage sorghum, Sudan grass and its hybrids, medlar accounted for 60 to 70%.
Silage utilization
1. The perennial leguminous pastures such as alfalfa and sandgrass are not the main raw materials for the silage of individual varieties at the harvesting stage, but in some cases they must be preserved by silage.
The most suitable harvesting period for making legumes for silage is the early flowering stage. The flowering stage should not be exceeded at the latest. The crude protein content is higher at the early flowering stage. Although the crude protein content in the flowering stage is decreased, the crude fiber content is increased, but the highest forage yield is. After the crude fiber is decomposed by silage fermentation, its palatability and utilization are still high. Sudangrass and its hybrids, forage sorghum and sorghum are best harvested from the earliest to the early flowering stage of the booting and harvested at the latest in the milk ripening period.
2. Silage Method Legumes are generally not suitable for silage alone. They can be mixed with sudan grass and its hybrids, forage sorghum, and wolfberry fruit. The mixture ratio is leguminous grass: the grass is 30 to 40% during the day: at night. ~70%. Low moisture silage can also be carried out, ie the raw material moisture content is reduced to 45-55% for silage. Sorghum grass and its hybrids, forage sorghum, and gardenia can be used to make silage. Commonly used silage facilities include silage, plastic bag silage and stretch film silage.
3, feeding method
(1) Feeding amount on silage day, 4 to 5 kg for sheep and 3 to 4 kg for goats.
(2) Silage, when feeding pregnant sheep, care should be taken not to feed 20-30 days after prenatal and postpartum, nor to feed frozen silage to avoid abortion.
(3) Silage can not be fed to livestock alone, and it should be mixed with other feeds according to a certain proportion, generally not exceeding 50% of the sheep's diet.
(4) Take out the sheep's actual feed intake every day, take it with you, minimize the storage time, and avoid secondary fermentation. Silages that have not been eaten by livestock in the trough should be promptly removed and can no longer be returned to silage containers.
Hay utilization
Hay is a forage grass that can be preserved for a long period of time by natural or artificial drying to reduce the moisture content to 17% or less. It is the main roughage for the spring winter withered grass.
1, hay processing
Alfalfa, Gardenia jasminoides, Sudan grass and their hybrids can be processed into high-quality hay. Dry sorghum after drying has low crude protein content and high crude fiber content and is generally not suitable for processing hay products.
Alfalfa is generally used for processing hay harvest from the bud stage to the initial flowering period, at this time the harvest can guarantee the quality and yield of grass products. The appropriate cutting period for gardenia, Sudangrass and its hybrids is the heading period.
Dry processing methods generally use natural drying methods, that is, after proper harvesting of pastures, they are cut into razor clams, spread in the sun, spread as evenly as possible, and dry in time according to the dry conditions, so that all grasses in the grass rake are Can be fully exposed to dry air. After 6 to 7 hours of drying, the alfalfa is bundled into bales weighing about 1 to 2 kg and bales of pasture are bundled into bales of about 4 to 5 kg in weight to form a “human†shape haystack in the field and continue drying. After 36 to 48 hours, the pasture stems are easily broken by hand and they are prepared into green grass with a moisture content of 15 to 17%.
2, feeding method
There are two main hay feeding methods, one is direct hay feeding and the other is short chopped feeding. After the processed hay is stored for a period of time, it is fed according to the daily demand of the sheep. The hay bales are generally opened and directly dropped into the sheep house or trough. The sheep are free to feed. This feeding method is simple, but the loss of pasture is about 5 to 10%. In the production, generally more short-cut feeding is adopted. The hay is first cut into grass segments using a pasture rake and then fed. Grazing grass for sheep is generally cut into 2 to 3 cm, leguminous pasture 1 to 2 cm. The proportion of legume-fed sheep fed to the sheep is generally no more than 30% of the diet, and gramineous pasture is free to feed.
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