Pay attention to the field management during the flood season to promote rapeseed production and increase income
Temperatures gradually rise and rapeseed is about to enter the convulsions period. This stage is the period when the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of rape are both prosperous. It is the period when the growth rate is fastest and the demand for fertilizer and water is the highest. It is also the most important period for the efficient management of rape to promote the formation of yield. In order to ensure the increase of yield and income of Yizheng rape this year, the city's crop planting stations should have a good grasp of field management during the flood season due to the appropriate seedling system, classification guidance, and focus.
I. Appropriate application of re-apply fertilizer
Fertilizer is a key fertilizer that promotes long spring rape growth, robust growth, increased grain growth, and improved grain weight. The amount of manure fertilizer generally accounts for 30%-40% of the total nitrogen application amount, total application of potassium and 50% of phosphorus, and the physical amount per mu can be equivalent to the application of high-concentration ternary compound fertilizer 30 kilograms plus urea 5 kilograms. The application of manure must be different from seedlings. For fields where transplanting is late, where early fertilizer application is insufficient, where individuals are small, where there are few leaves, and rape is poor, apply manure and increase the amount of nitrogen fertilizer. Urea per mu can be increased to 10 kg. Around the same time, it promotes the growth of rapeseed spring; the normal winter rapeseed is re-applied to manure at a height of 5-8 cm, and the manure application is based on the principle that “spring growth is stable and long-term and premature maturity is not matureâ€; For rape fields that are long or used to pass through green-rejuvenation fertilizers, the application of manure should be postponed, and the manure can be re-applied when the rapeseed is 25 centimeters high. In addition, for the field where no boron fertilizer or boron deficiency is applied in the early stage, as soon as possible, the quick-acting boron fertilizer or borax can be supplemented as soon as possible. This can be combined with the control of sclerotinia at the early flowering stage, and 0.1%-0.2% boron fertilizer solution per acre is used. About 50 kg of foliar spray is applied to prevent the phenomenon of "flowering but not real" and promote the filling of pods.
Second, Qinggou drainage waterlogging
The response of rape to water is very sensitive after twitching, and the impact of waterlogging on yield is greater in the later period. Since spring, Yizheng City has a lot of continuous rainy weather and high water content in the field, which can easily cause poor ventilation of the soil and affect the normal growth of roots and the decline of vitality. In severe cases, the roots appear yellow, black, yellow, and even dead. Therefore, it is necessary to do a good job in the clearing and clearing of the three trenches inside and outside the rapeseed field to ensure the smooth drainage, so that the rain will stop dry, improve root vitality, and prevent the occurrence of waterlogging.
Third, timely control of pests and weeds
Last year's high temperature before the winter, suitable for field conditions, is conducive to the breeding of weeds in the field. According to surveys, the city's rapeseed fields reached an area of ​​42,000 mu of weeds, the area has been removed and cultivated by weeding up to 34,000 mu, still 0.8 Million acres need to be eliminated. The removal time should be controlled by the cold tail warmer before the rapeseed bolting, the daily average temperature is above 8°C, and 30-40 ml of emulsifiable concentrates per acre are covered with a cover (10.8% high efficacy flupirtine). In addition to removing the herbicide, the herbicide should be selected according to the phase of the grass, and the quasi-pharmaceutical agents should be selected, the amount of the drug should be sufficient, the spray should be even, and the drug should be taken in order to improve the efficacy and avoid the occurrence of injury. Heavy-grass grass can be combined with cultivator fertilization for manual weeding. For rapeseed field with leaf frostbite and more yellow leaves, frostbite leaves and bottom yellow leaves with obvious water stains should be promptly removed to reduce pathogenic bacteria. In addition, pest and disease prevention and control of rape virus disease, aphids and rapeseed sclerotinia in the middle and later stages should be strengthened to minimize the harm of diseases and weeds.
Fourth, to prevent the late freezing cold injury
The ability of rape to resist low temperature after twitching, once it meets the continuous low temperature and cold weather below 0°C, it can easily cause the cracking and even breaking of the stem surface of rape. In case of “cold spring†frost injury, prompt remedial measures should be taken. According to the growth of the seedlings, the application of 5-7.5 kg of urea per acre will be used as a recovery fertilizer to promote branching to reduce frost damage.
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