Peanut ridge ridge full mechanized high-yield new technology

The whole process of mechanized high-yield new technology of peanut ridges refers to the whole mechanization of peanut seed shelling, sowing, fertilization, ridge, harvest and fruit picking with professional modern machinery. High-yield special fertilizers, peanut-specific pesticides and other materials to achieve high production and high efficiency. Let's learn together.

1 This technology has the following advantages over traditional planting

1.1 High yield

The whole process of peanut ridges is mechanized, high-yield, new technology and high-yield. Guantian is planted in Wuyang. The highest yield per mu of peanuts in the spring is nearly 600kg, and the highest yield in summer is 430kg. Compared with the traditional planting method, the yield per mu is increased by more than 30%, and the yield of peanuts is increased by 50~200kg, and the income is increased by 1,000 yuan. Changed the traditional notion that peanuts are low-yielding crops.

1.2 New technology, good quality

The whole process of mechanized high-yield new technology of peanut ridges is leading domestically and internationally. It is equipped with special fertilizers containing special formulas such as calcium and bio-organic fertilizer, and peanuts produced by special pesticides. The fruit is full, the color is white, the appearance is good, and the selling price is high.

1.3 Full mechanization, saving labor and time

Closely integrated with agricultural modernization, realize the whole process of mechanization, apply new peanut no-till planter, multi-functional peanut harvester, high-precision peanut seed sheller, various types of fruit pickers, 70% more labor than traditional planting, than corn It also saves labor and can be planted on a large scale.

1.4 Ventilation and light transmission is good, the density does not fall down

Ribs, width and narrow rows, shrinkage distance, width 80cm, two rows of 27cm on one ridge, 53cm wide under the ridge, 13cm from the hole, 12,000~1.4 million holes per mu, plant height 60cm is basically no shade, no Lodging.

1.5 Peanut ridge is not knotted, easy to harvest

Peanut ridge planting, watering the ditch and furrow, water ridge on the ridge; raining ditch drainage, drying the ridge, the ridge is not squashed, even the clay land, it is also very good harvest.

2 The main points of mechanization and high yield of peanut ridges

2.1 Sowing

Seeding is good, so sowing is very important.

2.1.1 Selection

According to the climate and market demand of Wuyang County, Xia Peanut selects the Luohuao peanut variety series such as Zhongyu No.6 and Luhua 18, which have high rice yield and moderate growth period.

2.1.2 Seed treatment

Seed treatment before sowing can not only promote seed ripening, improve seed germination potential and germination rate, but also ensure that the seedlings are neat and tidy, and the seedlings and seedlings are strong.

Seed processing steps:

(1) Sunning. Before threshing. Choose the windless sunny day to dry the pod for 2~3d, then peel the skin.

(2) Grain selection. Discard semi-ripe fruit, mildew fruit, worm fruit, and single fruit and triple fruit, as long as double fruit.

(3) Seed dressing. Peanut pests and diseases are mainly prevention, and high-quality special peanut seed dressings are used for seed dressing, which has good control effects on underground insects and peanut wilt. 3~5d before peanut sowing, seed dressing with peanut seed dressing. Since the peanut seed coat is thin, mechanical seed dressing tends to cause the seed coat to fall off, so artificial seed dressing is recommended. Seed dressing can improve the drought and sorghum resistance of peanuts, prevent root rot, stem blight, and bacterial wilt. The plots that are harmful to underground pests must be mixed before sowing.

2.1.3 Sowing time

Sowing immediately after the wheat harvest, the planting should be completed around June 10. The land preparation should be returned to the field before the field is returned to the field, and then 8~10cm will be ploughed to be flattened.

2.1.4 Ridge planting

Use a special planter for peanuts to plant a wide and narrow line of Gong Fertilizer. Conducive to ventilation and light, timely pouring and drainage. Generally, the ridge bottom is 80cm wide, the ridge surface is 50cm wide, and the two rows of peanuts on the ridge surface are 27cm apart, the plant spacing is about 13cm, the sowing depth is 5cm, and the mu density is 12000~14000.

2.1.5 peanut fertilization

Soil fertilizer is the basis, peanut is the legume crop, and its rhizobium has nitrogen fixation effect, but there is no rhizobium in the early stage of peanut. Peanut fertilizer must be combined with NPK. Fertilizer ratio is 20% in nitrogen fertilizer and 8% in phosphate fertilizer. 10%, potassium fertilizer 8% to 10%, and then increase the application of humic acid biological fertilizer and organic matter.

In addition to a large number of elements, the growth of peanuts requires various other trace element fertilizers, and calcium fertilizer and molybdenum fertilizer are the major factors affecting the yield and quality of peanuts.

Calcium fertilizer, accounting for 20% of the fertilizer ratio, its main role in peanuts is to promote the formation of pods, reduce empty pods, increase the application of calcium fertilizer after peanut white, storage, good quality, and mainly resistant to disease, anti-heavy.

Molybdenum fertilizers, such as ammonium molybdate, can promote the formation and robustness of peanut nodules and enhance the solid N capacity of rhizobium. Molybdenum participates in the metabolism of N and P in plants, and is an indispensable substance for synthesizing proteins, and at the same time promotes the utilization of fertilizers by peanuts.

Peanut fertilization should be done in the seedling stage without topdressing and no watering. In the later stage, no topdressing and no watering should be applied. Properly good fertilizer is recommended to apply 50~60kg of active humic acid peanut special fertilizer, nutrient-rich, good disease resistance, no knotting Harvesting, random application at the time of sowing, so that the separation of seed fertilizers, concentrated deep application, increase fertilizer utilization rate, about 40d after sowing, can apply 5~10kg urea per acre, and water can be watered when the soil is dry, which is beneficial to fruit needles. Into the soil.

2.2 Field management

2.2.1 Pouring the water

According to the sensation and the weather, the mulberry water should be poured immediately after the broadcast, to ensure that the emergence of seedlings is fast, uniform and uniform, and resolutely abandon the thought of rain.

2.2.2 Checking seedlings

The complete and stable peanut seedlings are the basis for high yield. After sowing peanuts, the seed quality is not good, the soil moisture is insufficient, the soil fertilization is improper, the birds and beasts cause the seed buds to die, and the seedlings are broken. Therefore, after 10 to 15 days after sowing, the seedlings were inspected in time, and it was found that there was a lack of seedlings and timely germination. When replanting, it is necessary to trace the fertilizer and promote the early growth of the seedlings.

2.2.3 Chemical weeding

Peanut field weeds mainly include crabgrass, purslane, valerian, sedge, and thorn grass. In addition to manual weeding, chemical weeding is used. After the peanuts are sowed, 50 ml of acetochlor EC 50 ml per acre is sprayed on the kneading surface with 50 kg of water to carry out pre-emergence weeding. For the field without acetochlor, in the early stage of weeds, the stalks of 10.8% of the high-efficiency grass can be sprayed with 40~30ml of water. Weeding can also be carried out by herbicides such as Laso, Nongsi and Duer. The application of the herbicide must be based on the quasi-application method, the application period and the application rate.

2.2.4 Control technology

In view of the current widespread production of peanuts, the length of the prosperous, the length of the canopy, the high position of the canopy, the low rate of fruit needles, and the resulting unevenness of the flowers, the number of needles are not true, and the fruit is not full. Application of phytochemical control technology, control and promote the coordinated development of vegetative growth and reproductive growth. When the peanuts are 30cm high, the dwarf Fengbao foliar spray can be used for prevention and control. When the temperature is 40cm high, the second spraying can transform the peanuts from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, and the pods are full, increasing yield and income. It should be noted that peanut control should be used with caution and use multiple effects to form small fruits.

2.2.5 Disease prevention

When growing 4~6 leaves, spray with the toxic bacteria and Kangpudan, once every 5~7d, and spray twice, it can effectively prevent the dead roots caused by heavy mites, promote strong seedlings, enhance the growth; Spray “Calcium and Molybdenum” once every 8~10d, for two times, to increase the application of calcium and molybdenum fertilizer, reduce small fruit and deformed fruit; start the pod-forming period, spray two times of calcium and molybdenum every 20~25d interval Bao plus toxic bacteria clear, prevent premature aging and leaf spot, increase the number of fruits per plant.

Leaf rot and leaf spot: In the early stage of the disease, spray 1:2:200 every 10~15d (copper sulfate: quicklime: water) double-type Bordeaux mixture, or 50% methyl thiophanate 1000 times solution spray 2 ~3 times.蛴螬 蝼蛄 蝼蛄 蝼蛄 每 每 每 每 每 每 每 每 每 每 每 每 每 每 每 每 每 每 每 每 每 每 每 每 用 用 用 用 用Aphids: When spotting occurs, spray control with imidacloprid.

2.2.6 Drought prevention and drainage

Peanuts can only be produced by the ovary handle after being fertilized into the soil, especially in the lower needle period.

In the field management, you can also absorb the mature products of the company's mature products, peanuts, three times of medicine, peanut disease prevention and control package, etc., disease prevention, control, and fruit, early roots and strong seedlings, medium-term adjustment of fruit, late leaf premature aging Full of fruit. As long as you add the corresponding pesticides every time, you can do pest control.

2.3 Timely harvest

When the top of the peanut stops growing, the upper leaves turn yellow, and the base and middle leaves begin to fall off. Most of the peanut pods have matured. When the harvest is suitable, it should be harvested in time to prevent the germination of the fruit from affecting the yield and quality.

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