Resistance to environmental changes in rice

The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) announced to the media on April 11 that the scientists of the institute are developing a new rice variety for drought and drought resistance to counter the threat of global warming to rice in Asia's major crops. The project also has Much work needs to be done. In the next five to seven years, the Institute will need 25 million U.S. dollars to study the effects of rising temperatures, high concentrations of greenhouse gases, and increasingly severe droughts and floods on rice yield.

Dr. Robert Zeigler, the director of the institute, said: “We have many research projects that address the issue of climate change and temperature increase. In the near future, we will have some rice varieties available, and their ability to resist warts is higher than current varieties. It is much higher.” The Institute is developing some drought-resistant new rice varieties. The study of high-temperature resistant rice has only just started.

Founded in 1960, the International Rice Research Institute is located in Los Barros, Nebourne Province in the northern Philippines. It is the cradle of the Green Revolution and has been working to develop high-yield rice to solve food shortages around the world. It is also involved in vitamin A-rich foods. Or called "golden rice" research work on transgenic rice.

Golden rice was developed by European scientists. The researchers implanted two genes from daffodils and bacteria into indica rice variety T309. Later, the researchers donated grain samples to IRRI for research and planting. With 3 billion people around the world living on rice, most of whom are Asians, IRRI hopes that high vitamin varieties will improve nutritional standards.

The rapid growth of the population in developing countries has brought about an increase in the demand for global rice production. Scientists are also worried about population issues. For example, the population of the Philippines has grown by about 2 million a year. Currently, it is close to 90 million people in the country and it is one of the largest importers of Asian rice.

IRRI's research on climate change will focus on how rice plants respond to increasing atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases, and how to produce grains in the gas distribution that causes global warming. According to IRRI, the Institute has invested 2 million U.S. dollars in the project and is seeking other funds from international agencies and foundations. About 20 hectares of paddy fields in each of the three regions of the Philippines, southern China and northern India are put into research.

Zeigler believes that the impact of climate change cannot be concluded within a year or two, and the research will take a long time.

A research report published in 2004 stated that for every one degree of daily temperature increase, rice production would fall by 15%. Global warming leads to high temperatures at night. The researchers speculate that the increased temperature at night forces the plant to convert more energy to maintain its metabolic function, rather than producing more biomass and grain production. In the 21st century, the global temperature will increase by 1.5 to 4.5 degrees, which is 3 to 9 times higher than in the past 20th century. Therefore, the development of related new products is imperative.

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