Rice Seedbed Management in the Near Field and Technical Management Opinions for Honda's Early Management (Heilongjiang)

Due to the recent continuous low temperature, rain and sunshine in our province, it has caused troubles for rice seedlings and transplanting in our province. In order to do a good job in the management of paddy fields in rice fields and transplant them early in time, according to the current weather conditions, the following technical opinions on rice production are put forward for reference by local people. First, the seedbed management 1, the temperature is still not emerging seedlings, should be checked in time to determine if there is a need to destroy seed breeding. If the sowing date is earlier and the time is longer, it must be powdered. Replace the early-maturing varieties immediately, replant the seedlings, and prepare the seedlings to ensure that there are transplanted seedlings; , covering warming and other measures to promote its emergence as soon as possible, at this time the temperature is controlled at about 30 °C; leaf one-hearted seedlings, greenhouse temperature control at 25 °C, the maximum does not exceed 28 °C; two leaf one-hearted seedlings, The temperature in the greenhouse is controlled at about 20-25°C, and the three-leaf and one-hearted seedlings are kept at a temperature of 20°C. When the low temperature of -7°C is encountered, measures should be taken to increase the temperature, increase the temperature of the covering, increase the temperature of the smoke, etc. to prevent the occurrence of freezing injury. At the same time, the temperature of the shed must be strictly prevented from occurring. 2. Moisture Once on a leaf, as the seedlings are small and the temperature outside the shed is low, this time the main purpose of sealing and heat preservation should be based on water management. On the basis of watering the bottom of the seedbed, try not to open the shed and keep the bed. The soil is in a good state of breathability, such as partial water shortage, and can be sprayed in a small amount. After one leaf and one heart, the water management should strictly control the watering, keep the state of the soil in bed, and promote the development of the root system, so that “three look” watering, that is, to see if the bed is white and the root growth status, see early and early leaves. Sharp water droplets, see if the heart is wilting or curling at high temperatures during the afternoon. If the bed is whitish and the roots are well developed, the water droplets of the early and late leaves will become smaller or the wilting or curling of the heart will occur at midday. Watering should be done in time and the watering time should be minimized. Watering time should be selected in the morning and evening, it is best not to water during the day, watering should be sprayed slowly back and forth, can not flood irrigation. The use of carcass seedlings in the form of seedlings, due to small carcass soil dirt, water retention is poor, should pay attention to watering, to prevent high temperature sunburn seedlings. 3 days before transplanting, in the absence of wilting seedlings, do not water, seedlings strong roots, so that the seedlings in a state of thirst, is conducive to a good rooting after transplanting, return to green fast, early delivery. The humidity of the seedbed should be increased according to the temperature, increase the ventilation time, ventilation and humidity, reduce the humidity of the seedbed, increase the temperature of the seedbed, and promote the development of the root system; especially for the seedbed of the Honda flat bed, due to more rainy weather, the seedbed has accumulated Water, which lowers the seedbed temperature, severely affects the growth of rice seedlings. To dig trenches around the seedbed to reduce seedbed moisture. High-temperature sunny days should immediately remove the film. 3, ventilation and hardening seedlings seedlings began to ventilate a leaf, promote control. Ventilation usually begins at 9-10 hours in sunny days, and is closed at 14-15 o'clock. Ventilation in nursery sheds must be combined with temperature management. Ventilation time and ventilation rate should be determined according to the temperature. When the temperature is low, ventilation time and ventilation should be reduced. the amount. Note that the vent should be selected on the side of the leeward. When each ventilating, slowly open the vent and gradually increase the ventilation. In the event of frost damage, early morning ventilation should be provided to ease the dehydration and wilting of frozen leaves. The hardening of seedlings starts from the beginning of each leaf stage of the seedlings and is combined with ventilation, and the seedlings are properly conditioned according to the temperature conditions. After two-leaf and one-hearted, appropriate increase ventilation and ventilation time, exercise seedlings to adapt to the external environment, enhance the ability to resist cold. After the clover, according to the temperature, the film can cover the night cover. When the minimum temperature is higher than 7°C, it can be ventilated overnight, natural seedlings can be cultivated, and the seedlings can be taken out of the film 3 days before transplanting. 4. Prevention of disease Due to the recent continuous low temperature, rain, and sunshine in our province, the root system of rice seedlings is stunted, the quality of seedlings is reduced, and disease resistance is poor. Especially for the nursery shed with high humidity and severe temperature changes, it is necessary to spray pesticides in advance to prevent the growth of seedlings. The occurrence of blight. One-leaf and one-heart period seedlings are the best time to prevent blight. For each square meter, a spray of 10% Lycopene, 3.2% Kekuxing, or transplanting spirit can be selected. 2-3 days before transplanting, in order to prevent the occurrence of leaf miners, Shimoda was introduced and sprayed with 10% of the big Mongol 1000 times liquid. 5. Compensatory fertilizers At present, seedlings such as dwarfs grow weak and weak. According to the situation, they should spray some foliar fertilizers to promote their growth. Seedlings after the 3 leaf stage, if the emergence of seedling leaves generally bleak green yellow fertilizer, but also to make up the fat. Per 100 m2 seedbed can be used potassium dihydrogen phosphate or ammonium sulfate 2-3Kg, 100 times the water spray on the foliage, spray water to prevent burning seedlings. Second, transplanting soil preparation According to the weather forecast, when the temperature is stable through 12-13 °C, the transplanting begins, plug in as early as possible, establish early awareness of looting, so as not to intervene in June. For seedlings that have reached the seedling age, they will be ready for transplanting in time, and the seedlings will go to different places, from time to time. It is necessary to soak the fields early, plant the early grounds, plant the rice dumplings early, soak in a piece of land, a piece of land, and a piece of land. According to the age of seedlings, seedlings with pods, species, fertilization and water resources conditions, the transplanting density can be reasonably determined. Plug in early, appropriately thin plug, insert late, appropriate close insert. Fertilization should be combined organically and inorganically and scientifically and economically. For lands that may be dry after plugging in, the amount of base fertilizer should be increased. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be added to normal plots to top-dress fertilizers in various stages. Weeding herbicides should be herbicides with high efficacy, low toxicity, low residue and no inhibitory effect on rice tillers. Irrigation water should adopt water-saving irrigation technology with shallow-dry intermittent irrigation to promote rice delivery. III. Water storage and drought protection According to the forecast of the water conservancy and meteorological departments, in some areas of the province in mid-June, there may be a phenomenon of post-insertion. Therefore, it is necessary to save water, plan water, and recycle water. Promote the three droughts and soil preparation technologies and Honda's water-saving irrigation technologies to minimize and make full use of water resources. We must do a good job of dredging, reinforcement and thickening of barges and branch trunks, improve water storage capacity, and make full use of the water storage capacity of all reservoirs, ponds, rivers, lakes, lakes, and vesicles, fill the bubble, and increase water storage. , Overhaul the machines, pumps, pipes, belts and other water conservancy facilities and equipment, and prepare for drought. Make full use of returning water, recycling, string-irrigation with string irrigation, try not to drain, and reduce the waste of water resources. At the same time, we must prevent leakage and reduce the loss of water resources.

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