Snowy vegetables
Heavy snow is the 21st solar term of the lunar calendar. The northern region will be affected by cold air, and large snowfall will often occur, causing snow in the area. At this time, the minimum temperature in most parts of China has dropped to 0°C or below. Although entering the snow-covered winter, the greenhouses are spring-lived. At this time, the vegetable production is mainly concentrated in the solar greenhouse and nursery shed.
Cultivate young seedlings in early spring next year
1. Tomatoes, eggplants, peppers, and other eggplant vegetables are planted in sunlight greenhouses in good heat preservation in mid-December, and seed soaking in warm soup and soaking in pesticides are performed. 50-hole or 72-hole seedlings are used to raise seedlings, and peat and earthworms are used. Stone is the matrix. If the ground temperature is lower than 15°C, a geothermal heating line and a temperature controller should be installed to increase the ground temperature. During the nursery, watering fertilizer is applied in time to increase light. The general seedling age is 50-60 days, and it is planted in the solar greenhouse in mid-February.
2. Leafy vegetables such as cabbage, cauliflower, lettuce, celery, and lettuce are grown in the greenhouse or in small arches in mid-December. Use 128 holes or 72 points plug seedlings, peat, vermiculite as a substrate. During the nursery, watering fertilizer is applied in time to increase light. The general seedling age is 50-70 days, and it is planted in greenhouses or small sheds, greenhouses and other facilities in February-March, and will be available in spring.
Do a good job of solar greenhouse insulation
It is necessary to carefully inspect the insulation conditions of the front roof, south foot, back slope, rear wall, doorway, rear window, cold ditch, and exhaust fan mouth of the greenhouse, and measure the morning, 10 am, noon, and night time in the greenhouse. Different temperatures and 10 centimeters of ground temperature values. Appropriate temperature for tomato and other thermophilic crops is 23°C-30°C during the day, 15°C-18°C at night, and 20°C-22°C for the ground temperature; the suitable temperature for cold-resistant crops such as celery is 20°C-23°C during the day and 10°C during the night- 12 °C, the ground temperature is about 15 °C. For greenhouses where the temperature does not meet the crop growth requirements, carefully analyze the reasons, and take measures to prevent cold and heat insulation as early as possible for weak insulation areas. You can use multi-layer covering methods in the shed, covers outside the shed to cover the grass or insulation, and other measures to increase the temperature. If you encounter extreme cold weather in a short time, you should take temporary heating measures such as warming combustion block, electric heating furnace, and Yuba light bulb to avoid frost damage.
Do a good job of solar greenhouse management
1. Adjust suitable growth conditions. Adjusting the temperature, humidity, and light in the greenhouse is the most important task in this stage, and it is related to whether the plants can grow robustly, whether the fruit can sit and quickly expand, and the disease infestation. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the indoor environment so that the crop can grow and develop in the most suitable environment most of the time. First of all, according to the weather and the indoor temperature situation timely exposing, cover up, but must adhere to more light, timely release, especially after watering and cloudy days must be short-term ventilation and dehumidification. Tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants, peppers and other thermophilic crops can be released when the room temperature reaches 30°C, a 28°C air inlet, and a cover at 20°C in the evening; secondly, the greenhouse film is often wiped to increase the light transmittance; again, it is adjusted according to different crops. Different air humidity, pepper, cucumber and celery and other leafy vegetables suitable for air humidity 60% -85%, tomato, eggplant between 45% -55%. In case of cloudy days, dry sawdust and rice husks prepared in advance should be sprinkled on the surface of the ground and a certain amount of moisture should be drawn to avoid the occurrence of excessive humidity and disease.
2. Strengthen plant adjustment and fruit management. The old leaves and diseased leaves of the lateral branches and the lower parts of the plants are timely destroyed and ventilation is strengthened. Tomatoes and cucumbers cultivated in winter and long seasons should be planted or continuously replaced in order to prolong the fruiting period. Tomatoes and eggplants should be sprayed with regulators such as “Fengcengjing No. 2†or “Fructonin†that are safe for the product. Different concentrations should be adjusted according to the room temperature; tomato should be reused for 3-4 flowers per spike. Spray treatment. When tomatoes are pollinated using bumblebee pollination or pollinator, they should ensure that the temperature in the shed reaches 18°C ​​or more. Otherwise, other methods should be used to promote fruit setting. Remove excess fruit and malformed fruit as soon as possible. In the best fruit ripening period timely harvest, in order to avoid licking.
3. Scientific watering. According to the weather, plant growth, watering methods and soil to determine the watering time and watering. Watering should be done on a sunny morning, and do not water on a cloudy or snowy day. Using watering methods such as drip irrigation, micro-spraying, or under-membrane irrigation can improve ground temperature and water conservation. Set a storage tank (or storage tank) in the greenhouse to increase the temperature of the irrigation water; do not use too much water at the time of watering, and use the principle of “water pouring for small water†and “see dry see wet†for water management. Minimize the air humidity in the shed.
4. Reasonable fertilization. According to the characteristics of the crop's fertilizer requirements and plant growth, topdressing can be done to achieve balanced fertilization of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements, with special emphasis on the application of potash fertilizer, and to enhance the ability of plants to resist cold. Appropriate selection of liquid fertilizers that are easy to absorb is good, usually topdressing once every 10-15 days, drip irrigation water each time topdressing "Christmas tree" and other water-soluble fertilizer 5-8 kg, under the film under irrigation and watering each topdressing Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of more than 40% of the fertilization 7-10 kg. Foliage spray fertilizer is applied once every 10 days or so, and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed.
Storage of autumn vegetables
Vegetables such as Chinese cabbage, radish, scallion, spinach, etc. should be frequently checked for temperature to prevent overheating or freezing, gradually thickening the cover or covering with soil as the outside temperature decreases; the cabbage stored in live cellar takes 10-15 days Pour the dish once and remove the rotten and yellow leaves in time. Close the ventilation holes at a proper time and strengthen ventilation to ensure safe storage of autumn vegetables.
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