What are the precautions for dragon fruit planting?
What are the precautions for dragon fruit planting? Dragon fruit is a fruit for all ages. Its rich nutritional value and medicinal value make people have a special liking for this fruit. In recent years, planting dragon fruit has become a good thing. One of the choices, then what are the skills of dragon fruit planting? Today, Zhengdao Fertilizer Network analyzes the precautions of dragon fruit planting from the aspects of seed selection, water and fertilizer management and common pests and diseases of dragon fruit.
Dragon fruit planting seed selection technique
The seed selection of dragon fruit can be selected from the ripe dragon fruit. The specific selection method is described in detail on the Internet. It is not mentioned here. It is necessary to remind that the pulp and gum attached to the seed must be cleaned. Otherwise, It is prone to mold when germinated. At the time of seedling cultivation, the germination rate of the cultured soil with higher granules is higher, and the optimum germination temperature of the dragon fruit seeds is about 25 degrees, and the temperature of the environment is ensured as much as possible.
Fertilization principle for dragon fruit planting
The root distribution of the red dragon fruit is shallow, and the fertilization should be applied in small amounts. After the seedlings are germinated, the manure can be applied once every 20 days, or 150g can be applied to each column with the chlorine-free compound fertilizer. Pour enough water or water after application. Generally, fertilize 10 times in the first year, and apply 1 time of decomposed pig manure plus phosphor powder in November, 20kg per column. In the winter, it is beneficial to loosen the soil organic fertilizer, such as mushroom residue or bagasse, 25kg per column to enhance the heat and cold resistance of the plant.
In the second year, the application of magnesium sulfate and zinc sulfate should be carried out before flowering, and the root fertilizer should be sprayed at the flowering stage. The super sweetener 500 times solution, magnesium sulfate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 500 times solution should be sprayed once every 15 days. Combined with soil application once a month, compound fertilizer, 150g each time. After the fruit harvesting in the whole year, 20 kg of cooked pig manure per column, 0.5 kg of phosphorus powder, or 0.5 kg of soybean cake plus 0.5 kg of phosphorus powder, and then covered with mushroom soil or bagasse, 25 kg per column.
Principle of planting water for dragon fruit
It is also important to use organic fertilizers when planting, watering irrigation and nutrition every day is necessary once you have finished planting dragon fruit trees. According to the wet zone and the tree sprinkler of 1 to 1.5 meters, it is suitable for the back of the plant, requiring 80 liters of water per day. Avoid water pressure too much, because it can cause fruit to split, flowers fall, leaves yellow and other plants and plants slow down. It is also important to cover the surrounding plants regularly.
Common pests and diseases in dragon fruit planting
The red dragon fruit has fewer pests and diseases, and the main pests are ants, snails and Spodoptera litura. Generally, from April to June, ants and snails are mainly used for prevention and control. Ants or agricultural music are used to control ants and 6% Milda snails are used to control snails. From June to August, snails are protected against Spodoptera litura. kill. The main disease is stem rot, which is characterized by yellow spots at the beginning, gradually forming irregular yellow-brown plaques, and finally causing the succulent stems to rot.
Generally, it is more serious in the initial stage of planting and in the rainy season. It can be controlled by 500 times of mancozeb or 500 times of liquid oxychloride. If it is found that the branches have powdery form, it can be sprayed with 500 times of powder rust. After the first batch of flowers is pollinated for 3 days, spray the bactericidal medicine once and apply the ant medicine once. The main pests in the whole fruit period are ants, and each batch of fruit should pay attention to the damage of ants.
[Remarks] Symptoms of several common diseases in dragon fruit planting
- Symptoms of anthracnose: The initial stage of the lesion is purple-brown, small spots in the depression, and later expanded into round or prismatic lesions, and black spots scattered on the lesions, causing the meat to dry up.
- Symptoms of soft rot: The initial stage of the lesion is water-soaked and translucent. In the later stage, the diseased part is water-stained, which is sticky and soft-corrosive, emitting odor and spreading the entire stem section, leaving only the central xylem.
- Symptoms of Fusarium: The stems of the plants are fading, yellowing and wilting, and then gradually dry up until the whole plant is dead.
Comprehensive prevention and control methods for several common diseases of dragon fruit planting
- Protect the disease-free area. Strictly control the disease-free area to transfer to the diseased area, introduce seeds, and select disease-free seedlings.
- Plant or choose high-quality varieties that are resistant to disease. It is the most cost-effective measure to prevent dragon fruit disease.
- Remove diseased branches and weeds in the field, and maintain field hygiene, thus reducing the source of the disease in the field.
- Strengthening the management of fertilizer and water, focusing on avoiding flood irrigation and long-term sprinkler irrigation, flooding causes long-term anoxic state of the roots to die, and sprinkling irrigation causes the humidity of the orchard to increase, which is conducive to the occurrence of diseases. It is best to use drip irrigation technology, ridge cultivation, application of decomposed organic fertilizer. Potassium fertilizer to improve plant disease resistance.
- Chemical control: prevention and treatment of anthracnose, stem blight and blight can be carried out with Bordeaux mixture, Shi Baoke, Shi Baogong, methyl thiophanate, mancozeb, carbendazim, etc., usually every 7-10 days, a total of 2 to 3 times. For the prevention and treatment of soft rot, blisters and ulcers, master copper, copper amide, agricultural streptomycin, and zinc can be used.
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