Breeding basic knowledge of pheasants

I. Introduction of pheasants: A. The appearance characteristics of pheasants: B. The living habits of pheasants; pheasants are present in all regions of the world and have small-scale vertical migration habits that change with the seasons. In summer, they live in the bushes along the needles and broad-leaved mixed forests at high altitudes, and they migrate in autumn. To shelter from the wind at sunny elevations. C. Feedability of pheasant: The pheasant has a very complex diet. It prefers the leaves, seeds, fruits, etc. of plants as well as legumes, grains and insects. D. Physiological habits of pheasants; pheasant wings have poor flying ability and are not good at flying. They often cannot take off after several landings, but are good at running and jumping. E. Breeding habits of pheasant: The pheasant can reach sexual maturity within 10-11 months and begin to breed. The peak period of pheasant reproduction is from May to June. The annual production of eggs is two litters, with 10-15 eggs per litter. 25-28 grams, mostly pale yellow oval. Second, preparatory work for investment pheasant project A. Preparation of pheasant farm premises: In poultry breeding, the pheasant project can be considered as a relatively large investment in the field. From a scientific point of view of saving, breeders should adopt flat cages and commodity cages. The flat-raised chicken farmhouse should be chosen in a place that is conducive to drainage and drying, leeward, non-polluting sources, convenient transportation and not close to villages, factories and mines, and is relatively quiet and has health and water resources and power supply. Each shed is suitable for 32 square meters, scale breeding, each shed 36 meters long, 8 meters wide and 2 meters high, there are activity venues in front of the chicken house, each with nylon mesh or barbed wire There are anti-flying nets. Cage farming chicken farmhouses can be adapted to local conditions. Since they are simple, the old factory buildings and warehouses are transformed. B. Preparation of pheasant cages: There are no cages in the cage market for caged chickens. They may be broiler cages or pigeon cages. The farms can be customized according to actual local resources. Preparation equipment: First, the incubator, available chicken home electric incubator; Second, brooding equipment, brooding equipment, cone cultivation cage, electric helium, Cone umbrella and so on. Three feeding utensils such as troughs, sinks. C. Preparation of Yangshan Chicken Technology The broiler chicken breeding technology is relatively complicated, and it is necessary to master various techniques such as hatching, incubation, quail, quail eggs, breeding, and breeding. In particular, hatchery techniques, such as farms that cannot solve hatching problems by themselves, are difficult to make profitable in the competition for commodity sales. This will continue to learn farming techniques. In order to assist in the breeding of summaries, Ben Wang has opened the "Seok Knowledge Seminar" and "Croass Technology Essay" sections, which may help farmers. D. Preparation for feeding pheasant chickens: The pheasant omnivorous birds have very simple feed and are similar to domestic chickens. E. Anti-epidemic preparation of pheasant: The introduction of pheasant seedlings should be paid attention to epidemic prevention. Marek's, Chuanzhi, Newcastle disease, and bursal bursal seedlings should be used according to age. F. Preparation of pheasants for species purchase: Before introduction, comprehensive and multi-faceted understanding of sources for species supply, mastery of selection of relevant basic knowledge, adherence to the principle of purchasing qualified plant seedlings, adherence to the principles of quality ratio service, Adhere to the principle of buying in the nearest place and buy good seedling quality. Third, feeding and managing pheasants basic knowledge A, broodstock breeding management technology 1) Drinking water and eating at the right time: After the chicks have hatched, they should eat food 24 to 36 hours after the shell is hatched. Before drinking, drink water first. It is best to add 5% glucose or 0.1% potassium permanganate to the drinking water. This is timely for those who do not know how to drink water. Tune to make drinking water as soon as possible and eat 1 to 2 hours after feeding. The starting food should be soft, good palatability, nutritious and easy to digest, the best 3 to 5 days before feeding the wet mix. Remove leftovers before each addition. During the start of eating, the food was replenished every 2 to 3 hours. After that, the interval was gradually increased. The feeding was performed 6 times per day for 0 to 2 weeks and 5 times per day for 3 to 4 weeks. In general, as the age increases, feed intake also increases. When grown to near adult weight, the demand for feed tends to be stable. 2) Temperature and Humidity Control: Suitable brooding temperatures are: 1 to 3 days old 35 to 34°C, 4 to 7 days old 33 to 32°C, 2 weeks old 31 to 28°C, 3 weeks old 27 to 24°C, 4 weeks The age is 23-22°C, and normal temperature is maintained after 5 weeks of age. Relative humidity ranges from 65% to 70% for 1 to 10 days and 55% to 65% after 11 days. 3) Density: With the change of age, the body weight, need of water, etc. will also change accordingly. The breeding density should be adjusted timely to increase the number of water and food troughs. The cage density for cage raising or box brooding is 50-60/m2 for 1 to 10 days, 30 to 40/m2 for 10 to 20 days, and it can be transferred to a three-dimensional cage afterwards. Lamellar cage), 21 to 42 days old 20 to 30/m2, 43 to 60 days old 10 to 20/m2. 4) Ventilation, ventilation and indoor environment control: The indoor air circulation is not good, the ammonia concentration is too large, and it will directly affect the growth and development of pheasants, and may induce the occurrence of chronic respiratory diseases, eye diseases and other diseases. Ventilation should be done frequently to keep the indoor air fresh. Dung should be removed in time to clean the ground and maintain a suitable temperature. Chickens should be regularly sterilized and evacuated in time. Doing a good job of the indoor environment is one of the important measures to increase the survival rate of the prostitutes. 5) Illumination time control: The chicks have less stringent lighting requirements. They should keep the light for 24 hours in 1 to 3 days, and keep 20 to 22 hours in the light for 4 to 7 days. After that, they can quickly switch to natural light according to the feeding conditions of the chicks. . When the three-dimensional cage is transferred into the three-dimensional cage around the three weeks, all light should be added on the first night so that the young worm can adapt to the new environment as soon as possible. It is advisable to use 3 watts per square meter more. After most of the food intake and drinking water, the quail group can Use natural lighting. 6) Immunization: A in conjunction with the situation in the field to develop a good immunization program. B. Pheasant cultivation management techniques for young chicks can be kept in cages for 6 to 7 weeks until they are raised on the ground or transferred to a breeding cage. The 18-week-old period is the fastest growing stage for pheasants. The average daily weight gain is 10 to 15 grams, and by 20 weeks of age, it has almost reached the weight of adult salmon. Therefore, the management and feeding of 6 to 20 weeks of age is the key to guarantee the growth and development of the nymphs. In addition to the daily management work, the following points should also be noted: 1) Transfer time and attention problems: Normally chicks hatched from the end of March to mid-April are raised to 6-8 weeks old, and the hatchlings hatched in summer can be transferred to 5-6 weeks old. In the 3 days before the transfer, special personnel should be assigned to night shift and given 24 hours of light. When shifting groups, attention should also be paid to the isolation and rearing of weak chicks, and diseased young chicks should be eliminated in time. 1 to 2 weeks after entering the ground, choose warm and windless weather, open the doors and windows, let it go to indoor and outdoor sports fields for a short period of time, and later gradually extend the night into the interior. 2) Reserve seedlings Restricted feeding: In addition to the initial selection of 6-8 weeks of age for the breeding larvae that are reserved for breeding, they must also control the body weight to prevent over-fertilization so as to ensure a higher egg production rate during the breeding period and Fertilization rate. The specific measures are: to reduce the protein and energy content of the diet; increase the amount of crude fiber and green feed; reduce the number of feeding; increase the amount of exercise; 3) The second round of cutting off, the occurrence of flood control: pheasant wild strong, like licking foreign body. Breeding crickets grow rapidly. If certain nutrients are lacking during this period, or if the environment is not ideal or the density is too high, fleas are more likely to occur. In order to effectively prevent lice, the second gnawing can be performed between 5 and 10 weeks of age. The method is the same as that for the chicken. 4) The use of moldy and degenerative feeds is prohibited to prevent the occurrence of aspergillosis: pheasants are susceptible to Aspergillus in the early stage of brooding, and the incidence and mortality of this disease are relatively high. Therefore, mold and feed must be prohibited and moldy bedding should be prohibited during feeding and management. Control the environment and maintain the required humidity. Frequently sterilize chickens with peracetic acid and so on. Use a flamethrower to burn the ground and burn utensils to prevent the disease.