Fertilizer applied to crops

Research and practice have proved that the use of chemical fertilizers or organic fertilizers to control pests and diseases of crops is not only economical, safe, and effective, but also can save pesticides. At the same time, it also has the characteristics of fertilizing and not damaging natural enemies and not polluting the environment. Promote in production.

Nitrogen fertilizer

1 Ammonium hydrogencarbonate such as ammonium bicarbonate and ammonia water has strong volatility and has certain irritating, corrosive and fumigating effects on pests, especially for insects with small body shape and weak endurance such as red spider, aphids and thrips. . Application method: spray evenly with 1% ammonium bicarbonate or 0.5% ammonia solution, spray once every 5 to 7 days, and spray 2 to 3 times.

2Urea has the effect of destroying the chitin of insects. It is prepared by mixing urea, detergent, and water in a ratio of 4:1:400. It is used to kill locusts, cabbage caterpillars, and red spiders that harm vegetables and flowers. Pearls and other pests have good control effects.

3 When sporadic wheat rust occurs, spray with 50% fresh urine or 3% ammonium sulfate solution works well.

Phosphate fertilizer

1 Phosphate fertilizer has an attractive effect on the cotton bollworm moth; in the adult stage of cotton bollworm, using 1% to 2% of superphosphate soakage liquid as foliar spray fertilizer can make oxalic acid change to calcium oxalate and lose its attractiveness to cotton bollworm. In this way, the amount of oviposition can be reduced by 33.3% to 73.4%, with an average of 55%; the duration of each spraying of phosphorus is generally 2 to 3 days.

2 Tomato umbilical rot is a physiological disease caused by plant calcium deficiency. From the initial flowering stage of tomato, 1% superphosphate leachate was sprayed once every half month, and sprayed for 2 to 3 times. The disease prevention effect was obvious.

Potash fertilizer

Potassium can enhance the stress resistance of crops, and increasing potassium fertilizer has an inhibitory effect on a variety of crop pests and diseases. According to reports, among 740 fungal diseases and 68 bacterial diseases, 71% and 75% of them were mitigated by potassium, respectively, and among the 230 insect pests, 59% had a harm reduction effect. In production, the most directly used potassium fertilizer for controlling crop pests and diseases is plant ash.

Plant ash is a kind of high-quality potash fertilizer. It also contains phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, and various nutrient elements such as boron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, etc.; it uses 10 kg of plant ash, watered with 50 kg, and soaked for 24 hours and filtered. The filtrate spray can effectively kill the aphids on the crops. In the seedling stage, 20-25 kg per mu of grass ash, spreading along the ridge can increase the temperature of the soil and reduce the incidence of blight, anthrax, and red rot; Before planting onions, garlic, or leeks, 20 kg of plant ash is used per acre.

Apply to the bottom of the ditch, or in the vegetable seedling period of onions, garlic, sorghum, etc., 15 kg of plant ash per acre, and then scratching and covering the earth, can significantly reduce the damage of the root larvae, and increase the yield of vegetables by 15% to 20%; In the early occurrence of wheat sheath blight, 30 to 40 kg of plant ash was used per acre. When the dew had not yet dried in the morning, it was scattered at the base of the wheat plant to control the spread of the disease. The fruit trees with root rot were first opened. In the root soil, the root bark of the disease was scraped off and dried slightly, and then 2.5 to 5 kg of plant ash was buried in each plant. After about 1 to 2 months, the diseased tree could issue new roots.

Silicon calcium fertilizer

After applying silicon-calcium fertilizer to crops, most of the silicon accumulates in the epidermis cells of the crop, forming a very hard epidermis layer, thereby enhancing its ability to resist pathogens and pests. According to statistics, crops such as corn and soybeans, with 30-40 kg of silicon-calcium fertilizer applied per acre, can significantly reduce the damage caused by corn borer and soybean meal. The application of silicon-calcium fertilizer to rice can increase the degree of silicification of epidermal cells. Resistance to diseases and insect pests increased significantly, grain weight increased, yield increased by 10% to 50%, incidence of rice blast disease decreased by 0.3% to 19%, and disease index decreased by 0.5% to 13.9%; in rice areas, use of high silicon content straw 1 /3 ~ 1/2 returned to the field, can reduce panicle blast disease 2.63% ~ 7.23%, while the rice leaf roller also significantly reduced.

Zinc fertilizer

After the sweet pepper colonization and the result period, spraying once with 0.05% to 0.1% zinc sulfate solution can reduce the occurrence of virus disease, and significantly increase the fruit setting rate and fruit weight, and increase production by 15% to 37%.

Manganese fertilizer

In the sowing of Chinese Cabbage, the use of microelement manganese seed dressing, or in the Chinese cabbage seedling stage, rosette period and the filling period, spraying once with 0.1% to 0.2% manganese sulfate solution, has a significant control effect on Chinese cabbage heartburn disease. After the prevention and treatment can increase production by 10% to 18%, and the quality has improved.